What is the principle of PIN photodiode?
The PIN photo diode operates with an applied reverse bias voltage and when the reverse bias is applied, the space charge region must cover the intrinsic region completely. Electron hole pairs are generated in the space charge region by photon absorption.
What is role of PIN diode in test setup?
The PIN diode acts as a variable resistance when operated in forward bias. A high electric field is developed across the junction and this speeds up the transport of charge carriers from the P region to the N region. This helps in faster operation and therefore pin diode is used for high-frequency applications.
What is the structure of PIN photodiode?
PN & PIN photodiode structures As the intrinsic area is included in the active junction for light collection, there is a much larger area for light collection, making the PIN photodiode more effective. In the photodiode fabrication process a thick intrinsic layer is inserted between the P type and N type layers.
What is the application of PIN diode?
They are used in Photodetectors and photovoltaic cell and the PIN photodiodes are used for fibre optic network cards and also switches. These diodes are effectively used for RF protection circuits and it can also be utilized as an RF switch. The PIN photodiode is also used to detect X-rays and gamma rays photons.
How PIN diode works as a switch?
If the forward current through the diode is near the maximum the diode is designed for, it typically has an RF resistance of only 0.1 ohm, and thus acts as a closed switch. Thus, for RF, the PIN diode acts as a closed switch if it is forward biased with the near maximum DC bias current.
What is the difference between PN junction and PIN photodiode?
A PN junction photodiode is made of two layers namely p-type and n-type semiconductor whereas PIN photodiode is made of three layers namely p-type, n-type and intrinsic semiconductor.
What is difference between PN diode and PIN diode?
In a PIN diode the depletion region exists almost completely within the intrinsic region. This depletion region is much larger than in a PN diode and almost constant-size, independent of the reverse bias applied to the diode. This increases the volume where electron-hole pairs can be generated by an incident photon.
How many junction has PIN diode?
The thyristor is a four-layer p-n-p-n diode with three p-n junctions in series. The contact electrode to the outer p layer (p1) is called the anode, and that to the outer n layer (n2) is designated the cathode. An additional electrode, known as the gate electrode, is connected to the inner p layer (p2).
Why PIN diode is used as microwave switch?
A PIN diode behaves as a current-controlled resistor at radio and microwave frequencies. Like the conventional PN diode, it allows current flow in one direction when forward biased, but not in the other when it is reverse biased.
What is the main advantage of PIN photodiode?
Advantages of PIN diode : Low bias voltage. Higher reverse voltages to be tolerated. High-speed response. Low junction capacitance.
What are the three layers of PIN diode?
The construction of a PIN diode is shown below. This diode includes three layers like P-layer, an intrinsic layer, an n-layer. Here, the formation of the P-layer can be done through trivalent impurity doping toward the semiconductor.
What is a PIN photodiode?
It is placed in between the P-type and N-type materials and called PIN photodiode. PIN photodiode has a response of a few hundred MHz. Silicon photodiodes are commonly used and have high sensitivity at 0.8-0.9µm. Where the germanium InGaSa photodiodes have high sensitivity around 1.1-1.7µm.
How does an AC photodetector circuit work?
The AC photodetector circuit in Figure 16 uses load resistance RL to convert the photocurrent from a low-capacitance Si PIN photodiode (with a reverse voltage applied) to a voltage, and amplifies the voltage with a high-speed op amp. There is no problem with gain peaking based due to phase shifts in the op amp.
What is the difference between pin and reverse bias photodiode?
PIN photodiode: Reverse bias required by the PIN photodiode introduces a noise current which reduces signal to noise ratio The reveres bias offers better performance for high dynamic range applications
What is the sensitivity of a PN junction photodiode?
PIN photodiode has a response of a few hundred MHz. Silicon photodiodes are commonly used and have high sensitivity at 0.8-0.9µm. Where the germanium InGaSa photodiodes have high sensitivity around 1.1-1.7µm. The response time also depends upon the capacitance of the PN Junction.