What is PLRI?

What is PLRI?

Posterolateral instability, also known as posterolateral rotatory instability (PLRI), is a common pattern of knee instability that results from injuries to the structures that support the outside of the knee joint, the posterolateral corner.

What is PLC reconstruction?

What is posterolateral corner (PLC) reconstruction? Posterolateral corner reconstruction is the surgical repair of a significant injury to the posterolateral corner of the knee. PLC tears are most often sustained from an acute injury.

What causes posterolateral rotatory instability?

Posterolateral rotatory instability typically occurs as a result of a fall on the outstretched arm with the elbow initially in the extended position. As an axial load is applied to the arm, the elbow sustains a valgus moment and the distal humerus internally rotates against the forearm that is fixed to the ground.

What does lateral instability mean?

Lateral ligament instability can result from either of two means; functional or mechanical instability. Mechanical instability arises either via an acute injury or chronic repetitive stress resulting in attenuation and alteration of the mechanical structures of the ligaments.

What is anteromedial rotatory instability?

Anteromedial rotatory instability (AMRI) results from excessive valgus strain with simultaneous external rotation of the knee, leading to pathologic anterior subluxation of the medial tibial plateau relative to the medial femoral condyle [19].

What is MCL reconstruction?

An augmentation procedure involves repairing the torn ligament with sutures and at times using one of the patient’s hamstring tendons to reinforce the repair. An MCL reconstruction is reserved for patients with a severe or long-standing ligament tear.

How long does the PLC take to heal?

PCL ligament reconstruction Most often this surgery will be accomplished arthroscopically because it is the least invasive procedure. Recovery time will depend on the severity of the injury and can take 6-12 months for full recovery.

What is posteromedial rotatory instability?

INTRODUCTION. The concept of varus posteromedial rotatory instability (VPMRI) of the elbow has recently emerged in the literature. VPMRI is defined as elbow instability as a result of varus force leading to ulnohumeral joint subluxation in association with anteromedial coronoid facet (AMCF) fracture.

What is rotatory instability?

Rotatory knee instability is an abnormal, complex three-dimensional motion that can involve pathology of the anteromedial, anterolateral, posteromedial, and posterolateral ligaments, bony alignment, and menisci.

How do you fix chronic instability elbow?

Nonsurgical management includes:

1. Physical therapy. Specific exercises to strengthen the muscles around the elbow joint may improve symptoms.
2. Activity modification. Symptoms may also be relieved by limiting activities that cause pain or feelings of instability.
3. Bracing.
4. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NDAIDs).

What is posterolateral rotatory instability of the elbow?

Posterolateral rotatory instability of the elbow is a three-dimensional displacement pattern of abnormal external rotatory subluxation of the ulna coupled with valgus displacement on the humeral trochlea. This pattern causes the forearm bones to displace into external rotation and valgus during flexion of the elbow.

What is posterolateral rotatory instability (PLRI)?

In 1991, O’Driscoll introduced the term posterolateral rotatory instability (PLRI) to describe elbow instability caused by injury to the radial ulnohumeral ligament (RUHL) or lateral ulnar collateral ligament

What are the signs and symptoms of posterolateral dislocation of the elbow (PLRI)?

Patients with PLRI may present with a spectrum of different symptoms ranging from vague pain in the elbow to recurrent posterolateral dislocations. The most common patient complaints/symptoms are recurrent popping, clicking, clunking, or locking, accompanied by a sense of instability in the elbow.

What is the primary cause of lateral elbow injury (PLRI)?

Although O’Driscoll et al [1•] initially described injury to the LUCL as the primary cause of PLRI, this has since become controversial in the literature with many authors showing that additional injury to the remaining lateral elbow soft tissue structures is required to develop PLRI [7–9].

How can you tell if you have PLRI?

In chronic PLRI cases, it is often difficult to elicit any tenderness to palpation, and patients usually have full, painless range of motion [15]. Provocative testing are the most useful in the office setting to help confirm the diagnosis of PLRI.