Which of the following is a contraindication for ECT?

Which of the following is a contraindication for ECT?

While there are no absolute contraindications to ECT, several relative contraindications exist. These include recent MI or stroke (generally within the last 30 days), increased intracranial pressure, active bleeding (especially from the central nervous system), retinal detachment, and unstable dentition.

When should ECT not be used?

a past history of moderate or severe depression or. initial presentation of subthreshold depressive symptoms that have been present for a long period (typically at least 2 years) or. subthreshold depressive symptoms or mild depression that persist(s) after other interventions.

What preparation is needed prior to ECT?

Before ECT, patients are asked not to eat or drink from midnight the night before treatment. During the procedure, the patient receives a short acting anesthetic agent which puts the patient to sleep for approximately 5-10 minutes.

What are the risks of electroconvulsive therapy?

The most common side effects of ECT on the day of treatment include nausea, headache, fatigue, confusion, and slight memory loss, which may last minutes to hours. These risks must be balanced with the consequences of ineffectively treated severe psychiatric disorders.

Is ECT contraindicated in epilepsy?

We conclude that most epileptic patients can be treated with ECT without dose adjustment in antiepileptic medications and provide general recommendations for safe use of ECT in this population.

Can ECT cause aphasia?

The pathology of Aphasia due to electrical shock involves blood vessel damages. Electrical shock can result in many neurological complications and Aphasias are one of them.

Can ECT be used while the patient is taking medications?

Medication Effect on ECT treatment Recommended Action Anticonvulsants Potentially reduce efficacy of ECT If used as mood stabiliser – cease medication if possible. Withhold dose the night before ECT if it cannot be discontinued. If used for epilepsy – continue medication and withhold dose the night before ECT.

What medications should be stopped before ECT?

Medication Information: Benzodiazepines, Depakote, Lamictal, Neurontin, Trileptal – Do not take the night time dose or morning dose before your treatment. Lithium – Do not take for 24 hours before each treatment. Glucophage/Metformin – Do not take for 12 hours before each treatment.

What medications are given prior to ECT?

The most commonly used agents for induction are propofol, thiopental, methohexital, etomidate, ketamine, alfentanil and remifentanil. Methohexital is a barbiturate regarded as the “gold standard” anaesthesia for ECT due to its rapid onset and recovery with minimal effect on seizure.

Can ECT cause a fever?

Common side effects of ECT include headache, memory problems, confusion and muscle aches [3]. Febrile reactions after ECT has rarely been reported in the literature. To date, there have only been a few case reports on fever after ECT for the treatment of bipolar disorder [4-6] and depression [7].

What is the Rf value of paracetamol?

The results gathered showed that compound A had two spots, lower spot had an rf value of 0.48 and upper spot had an rf value of 0.77, this shows that compound A contained both paracetamol which has an rf value of 0.48 and caffeine which has an rf value of 0.77.

Can paracetamol and Cafeine be detected by the TLC method?

For example, the Rf values of TLC method as well as infra-red spectroscopy analysis demonstrated the presence of paracetamol and cafeine in sample ‘B’ and ‘D’ respectively. INTRODUCTION. Paracetamol is the best alternative choice for children and ulcer patients who have a minor pain such as headache and children.

How can you identify paracetamol from various unknown samples?

Identify paracetamol from various unknown samples through pharmacopeia test. The range of melting point of the samples that contain paracetamol would be (168 to 172) degree Celsius. Again, the samples that contain paracetamol only would turn into violet without changing to red after the experiment D.

Is paracetamol classified as a mild analgesic agent?

It is classified as a mild analgesic agent. The following procedures were used during the experiment of identification of paracetamol. TLC method is important for separation of mixture. This technique is commonly used to determine the presence of particular compound through comparison of Rf values of both unknown samples and the standard samples.