What is the composition of dialyzer?
The dialyzer used in IHD is an artificial semipermeable membrane. The most common design used today is the hollow-fiber dialyzer. It consists of a plastic cartridge traversed by several thousand thin hollow fibers, each with microscopic fenestrations that permit the passage of water and other small molecules.
What is the material of dialysis membrane?
Dialysis tubing is a semi-permeable membrane, usually made of cellulose acetate. It is used in dialysis, a process which involves the removal of very small molecular weight solutes from a solution, along with equilibrating the solution in a new buffer.
What are the two components of dialyzer?
2.13. In the dialyzer assembly, the membrane bundles are merged with the housing parts. To separate the blood compartment from the dialysate compartment, polyurethane (two components: polyol and multifunctional isocyanates) is used as the membrane potting material.
What is hollow fiber dialyzer?
Hollow fibre dialysers are used with haemodialysis machines to serve as artificial kidneys for removal of creatinine and other toxin materials from the blood of patients suffering from impaired kidney function.
What is dialyzer surface area?
The ability of a dialyzer to remove small molecular weight solutes, such as urea is primarily a function of its membrane surface area. A high efficiency dialyzer is basically a big dialyzer (surface area >1.5 m2). By virtue of its high surface area, it has a high ability to remove urea2.
How much fiber is in a dialyzer?
A hollow-fiber dialyzer contains a bundle of approximately 10000 hollow fibers, each with an inner diameter of about 200 microm when wet. The membrane thickness is about 20-45 microm, and the length is 160-250 mm. The walls of the hollow fibers function as the dialysis membrane.
What is a cellulose membrane?
The cellulose membrane (CM) is a major component of plant cell walls and is both a chemically and mechanically stable synthetic polymer with many applications for use in tissue engineering. Thus, research is underway on controlled and adjusted forms of cellulose depolymerization.
How many times a dialyzer can be used?
These sizes are related to the blood volume that will go through them, which depends on the patient’s size and weight. Your kidney doctor will prescribe the right-sized dialyzer for you. Dialyzers can remain functional after more than one use, which is why many facilities reuse them.
What is dialyzer clearance?
K stands for the dialyzer clearance, the rate at which blood passes through the dialyzer, expressed in milliliters per minute (mL/min) t stands for time. Kt, the top part of the fraction, is clearance multiplied by time, representing the volume of fluid completely cleared of urea during a single treatment.
What is dialyzer bundle size?
A hollow fiber dialyzer bundle comprises 7–17 x 10 3 semipermeable hollow fibers that allow solute and fluid transfer between blood and dialysate. Typical fibers have an internal diameter of 180–200 microns and wall thickness of 30–40 microns, yielding 1.0–2.5 m 2 of surface area.
What is a header in a dialyzer?
The header is the space enclosed by the end cap and the polyurethane potting material that holds the hollow fibers and forms a barrier between the blood and dialysate compartments. Headers channel blood from the dialyzer inlet into the membrane fibers and from the membrane fibers into the dialyzer outlet.
What are the parameters of dialyzer?
Dialyzer manufacturers usually provide sieving coefficients of albumin, beta-2 microglobulin, myoglobin, and lysozyme as parameters of albumin leak and convective performance. The nature of the polymers used in a membrane determines the membrane’s tendency to repel water, referred to as hydrophobicity.
What is cellentia dialyzer used for?
Best known for its signature line of high-performance Elisio®-H dialyzers, Nipro also offers the Cellentia®-H single-use cellulose triacetate (CTA) dialyzer for hemodialysis patients with acute or chronic renal failure when standard therapy is judged to be inadequate.