What is enhanceosome made of?
Three activator proteins – NF-κB, an interferon activator protein such as IRF-3, and the ATF-2/c-Jun complex – cooperatively bind to the upstream enhancer region upon viral infection.
What is an enhanceosome quizlet?
An enhanceosome is a large protein complex that acts synergistically to activate transcription.
What is combinatorial control?
Combinatorial gene regulation provides a mechanism by which relatively small numbers of transcription factors can control the expression of a much larger number of genes with finely tuned temporal and spatial patterns.
Does Mut S bind to DNA?
MutS proteins are dimers with DNA binding and ATPase activities, both of which are essential for MMR (1, 3).
How do repressors interfere with transcription?
In molecular genetics, a repressor is a DNA- or RNA-binding protein that inhibits the expression of one or more genes by binding to the operator or associated silencers. A DNA-binding repressor blocks the attachment of RNA polymerase to the promoter, thus preventing transcription of the genes into messenger RNA.
How do activators and repressors work?
When an activator or inducer binds to an operon, the transcription process either increases in rate or is allowed to continue. When a repressor binds to an operon, the transcription process is slowed or halted.
How does combinatorial control of gene expression work?
In eukaryotes, regulation of gene expression by transcription factors is said to be combinatorial, in that it requires the coordinated interactions of multiple proteins (in contrast to prokaryotes, in which a single protein is usually all that is required).
What is the function of a promoter in eukaryotic cells?
Promoter sequences define the direction of transcription and indicate which DNA strand will be transcribed; this strand is known as the sense strand. Many eukaryotic genes have a conserved promoter sequence called the TATA box, located 25 to 35 base pairs upstream of the transcription start site.
What is MutS?
MutS is a mismatch DNA repair protein, originally described in Escherichia coli. Mismatch repair contributes to the overall fidelity of DNA replication and is essential for combating the adverse effects of damage to the genome.
What is MLH1 gene?
The MLH1 gene provides instructions for making a protein that plays an essential role in repairing DNA. This protein helps fix errors that are made when DNA is copied (DNA replication) in preparation for cell division.