What is the function of the Syncytiotrophoblast?
The syncytiotrophoblast, the outermost layer of the human placenta, is the main site of exchange for drugs and metabolites, nutrients, waste products, and gases between the maternal and fetal circulations.
What is the function of the cytotrophoblast?
The primary function of an interstitial cytotrophoblast is to anchor the growing fetus to the maternal uterine tissue. These cells may invade the whole endometrium and the proximal third of the myometrium.
Is Syncytiotrophoblast Multinucleated?
The syncytiotrophoblast is a rapidly growing multinucleated mass, which invades and ruptures endometrial capillaries forming lacunae. The cytotrophoblast is a layer of mononucleated cells, which invades the syncytiotrophoblast matrix and forms early chorionic villi.
What are Syncytiotrophoblastic cells?
The syncytiotrophoblasts are a continuous, specialized layer of epithelial cells. They cover the entire surface of villous trees and are in direct contact with maternal blood. The surface area of syncytiotrophoblasts is about 5 square meters at 28 weeks’ gestation and reaches up to 11–12 square meters at term [1].
Does syncytiotrophoblast secrete hCG?
With hatching, the syncytiotrophoblast cells produce hCG, estradiol, and EGF which signal to the uterine epithelium that a blastocyst is about to implant (Fig. 21.1, Panel B) [8,9].
What does the Cytotrophoblast differentiate into?
Villous cytotrophoblast stem cells differentiate along one of two possible pathways, either fusing to form the overlying syncytiotrophoblast or, in anchoring villi (those villi that physically attach the placenta to the uterus), invasive cytotrophoblasts break through the syncytiotrophoblast to form extravillous …
What hormone is produced by the Cytotrophoblast?
hCG
The capability of cytotrophoblast cells to produce hCG, progesterone, estrogen, cGnRH and beta-endorphin in vitro has been demonstrated in serum-free culture medium.
What are Cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast?
What is the difference between trophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast?
Trophoblasts are specialized cells of the placenta that play an important role in embryo implantation and interaction with the decidualized maternal uterus. The syncytiotrophoblast is composed of fused cytotrophoblasts which then form a layer that covers the placental surface.
What is chorion and allantois?
allantois, an extra-embryonic membrane of reptiles, birds, and mammals arising as a pouch, or sac, from the hindgut. In reptiles and birds it expands greatly between two other membranes, the amnion and chorion, to serve as a temporary respiratory organ while its cavity stores fetal excretions.