What allows bacteria to adhere to intestinal lining?
Pili of Vibrio cholerae allow it to adhere to cells of the intestinal mucosa and resist the flushing action of diarrhea.
In which feature of a bacterium should one be able to locate the complete bacterial chromosome?
The bacterial genome is composed of a single molecule of chromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA and is located in a region of the bacterial cytoplasm visible when viewed with an electron microscope called the nucleoid. Unlike the eukaryotic nucleus, the bacterial nucleoid has no nuclear membrane or nucleoli.
How are Archaeans most similar to bacteria?
Archaea and bacteria have generally similar cell structure, but cell composition and organization set the archaea apart. Like bacteria, archaea lack interior membranes and organelles. Like bacteria, the cell membranes of archaea are usually bounded by a cell wall and they swim using one or more flagella.
What is the function of fimbriae Chapter 27?
What is the function of fimbriae? They are used to attach the cell to its substrate or to other prokaryotes.
What is adherence in microbiology?
Bacterial adherence is the beginning of the process of colonization of a surface known as biofilm development that involves physicochemical and molecular interactions [1].
How do bacteria adhere to the body tissues?
In gram-positive bacteria, a protein or polysaccharide surface layer serves as the specific adhesin. To effectively achieve adherence to host surfaces, many bacteria produce multiple adherence factors called adhesins. Bacterial adhesins provide species and tissue tropism.
Where is bacterial DNA found?
nucleoid
The DNA of most bacteria is contained in a single circular molecule, called the bacterial chromosome. The chromosome, along with several proteins and RNA molecules, forms an irregularly shaped structure called the nucleoid. This sits in the cytoplasm of the bacterial cell.
How do bacteria store genetic information?
Genetic information in bacteria and many viruses is encoded in DNA, but some viruses use RNA. Replication of the genome is essential for inheritance of genetically determined traits. Gene expression usually involves transcription of DNA into messenger RNA and translation of mRNA into protein.
How do Archaeans and bacteria differ?
Similar to bacteria, archaea do not have interior membranes but both have a cell wall and use flagella to swim. Archaea differ in the fact that their cell wall does not contain peptidoglycan and cell membrane uses ether linked lipids as opposed to ester linked lipids in bacteria.
Which traits do Archaeans and bacteria share?
Similarities Between Them. Archaea and bacteria are both prokaryotes, meaning they do not have a nucleus and lack membrane-bound organelles. They are tiny, single-cell organisms which cannot be seen by the naked human eye called microbes.
What are Fimbriae quizlet?
fimbriae. filamentous structures that allow cells to stick to surfaces, including animal tissues.
What is the function of fimbriae in bacteria?
Fimbriae are long filamentous polymeric protein structures located at the surface of bacterial cells. They enable the bacteria to bind to specific receptor structures and thereby to colonise specific surfaces.