What does mTORC2 regulate in the cell?

What does mTORC2 regulate in the cell?

mTOR Complex 2 (mTORC2) is an acutely rapamycin-insensitive protein complex formed by serine/threonine kinase mTOR that regulates cell proliferation and survival, cell migration and cytoskeletal remodeling. The complex itself is rather large, consisting of seven protein subunits.

What does mTOR pathway regulate?

The mTOR signaling pathway, which is often activated in tumors, not only regulates gene transcription and protein synthesis to regulate cell proliferation and immune cell differentiation but also plays an important role in tumor metabolism.

What activates mTOR pathway?

Signaling through mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is activated by amino acids, insulin, and growth factors, and impaired by nutrient or energy deficiency. mTOR regulates numerous components involved in protein synthesis, including initiation and elongation factors, and the biogenesis of ribosomes themselves.

Is mTORC2 a kinase?

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a protein kinase, is the centre of huge attention due to its importance in intracellular signaling and in health and disease.

What is the difference between mTORC1 and mTORC2?

mTOR forms two multiprotein complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2 which are composed of discrete protein binding partners to regulate cell growth, motility, and metabolism. These complexes are sensitive to distinct stimuli, as mTORC1 is sensitive to nutrients while mTORC2 is regulated via PI3K and growth factor signaling.

Where is mTOR located?

mTOR has been found at mitochondria (Fig. 1), and rapamycin treatment affects mitochondrial function in Jurkat cells (Paglin et al., 2005; Schieke et al., 2006; Ramanathan and Schreiber, 2009).

Can rapamycin cause depression?

This drug has been widely used together with calcineurin inhibitors in transplantation patients to prevent graft rejection. Previous studies have reported an association between mTOR and depression, but few investigations of this have occurred in transplant recipients.

What is the closest thing to an anti aging pill?

Exercise
Exercise. Dr. Alex Lief, MD Harvard Medical School has said and I quote: “Exercise is the closest thing we have to an anti-aging pill.” Regular physical activity has been a way of life for virtually every person who has reached the age of 100 years in sound condition. Exercise is medicine.