What are heparan sulfate proteoglycans?
Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) are glycoproteins, with the common characteristic of containing one or more covalently attached heparan sulfate (HS) chains, a type of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) (Esko et al. 2009).
What are proteoglycan molecules?
Proteoglycans are protein molecules containing many bound glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains. 216. The common GAG chains include chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, heparan sulfate, heparin, and keratan sulfate. Proteoglycans are mostly found at the cell surface or in the extracellular matrix.
Is keratan sulfate a proteoglycan?
Keratan sulfate occurs as a proteoglycan (PG) in which KS chains are attached to cell-surface or extracellular matrix proteins, termed core proteins. This can be sulfated at carbon position 6 (C6) of either or both the Gal or GlcNAc monosaccharides.
What is the function of heparan sulfate proteoglycans?
Heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycans (PGs) are ubiquitously expressed on cell surfaces and in the extracellular matrix of most animal tissues, having essential functions in development and homeostasis, as well as playing various roles in disease processes. The functions of HSPGs are mainly dependent o …
What is the function of HS proteoglycans?
Heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycans (PGs) are ubiquitously expressed on cell surfaces and in the extracellular matrix of most animal tissues, having essential functions in development and homeostasis, as well as playing various roles in disease processes.
Is heparin monosulfuric acid?
1. Introduction Heparan sulfate (HS) was initially recognized as a polysaccharide, “heparin monosulfuric acid,” related to but less sulfated than heparin, and was eliminated in side fractions of heparin manufacture.
Does serglycin contain heparin?
A third group comprises various secreted forms, including perlecan, agrin, and collagen XVIII. Finally, serglycin in intracellular storage granules carries heparin chains, which may be considered an unusually extended and highly sulfated HS species.