What are the characteristics of Pneumocystis pneumonia?
Clinical Manifestations Respiratory manifestations—tachypnea, dyspnea and cough, and fever—are the usual symptoms of Pneumocystis pneumonia.
What is PCP stain?
Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia (PCP), Special Stain.
How do you induce sputum?
Sputum induction is conducted by inhalation of nebulised sterile saline solution (isotonic or hypertonic) followed by coughing and expectoration of airway secretions.
Who gets pneumocystis pneumonia?
Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a fungal infection in 1 or both lungs. It is common in people who have a weak immune system, such as people who have AIDS. The disease is less common in the U.S. than it used to be. When it happens, you need medical care right away.
What causes fungal pneumonia?
Fungal pneumonia is an infectious process in the lungs caused by one or more endemic or opportunistic fungi. Fungal infection occurs following the inhalation of spores, after the inhalation of conidia, or by the reactivation of a latent infection.
What is purulent sputum?
Purulent sputum is off-white, yellow or green, and opaque. It indicates the presence of large numbers of white blood cells, especially neutrophilic granulocytes. In asthmatics, the sputum may look purulent from the eosinophilic cells.
How long does sputum induction take?
The full test takes between 30 to 60 minutes. Why do I need this test? Your doctor has requested this test to analyse your sputum for different cells that are found in your lungs. The main cell we look for is the eosinophil.
What is the life cycle of pneumonia?
Three major life cycle stages have been identified by morphology: the cyst (also known as the spore case or ascus), the precystic form and the trophic form stages (Walzer et al. 1976; Matsumoto and Yoshida 1984).
How long does it take to recover from pneumocystis pneumonia?
Early treatment is key because PCP can be life-threatening. Doctors treat the infection with antibiotics, either by mouth or intravenously (into a vein), for about 3 weeks. For severe symptoms, the doctor also might give a steroid medicine.
Does the severity of PCP affect the sensitivity of sputum analysis?
There was no relationship between sputum results and the severity of PCP. This study led to the conclusions that sputum analysis is a sensitive, specific, rapid, and low-cost technique for the diagnosis of PCP, and that the sensitivity of sputum analysis for the detection of PCP is not affected by the severity of PCP.
What is the diagnostic yield of sputum for PCP in non-HIV patients?
The yield of sputum for diagnosing PCP in non-HIV patients is apparently very low. A retrospective review, conducted between 1969–1972, of 194 cases of PCP in patients without AIDS estimated the diagnostic yield for sputum to be 6% 9.
Is sputum analysis useful in diagnosing AIDS-associated Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia?
(1)Division of Respiratory Medicine, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, California 95128. Sixty-two patients with possible AIDS-associated Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) were studied to determine the diagnostic usefulness of sputum analysis and whether or not the results of sputum analysis are related to severity of disease.
What are the requirements to obtain induced sputum?
Although the technique of obtaining induced sputum is relatively simple, it does require trained personnel, use of an established protocol, specimen processing, and children that are at least 10 years of age.