What does facies mean in geology?
1. n. [Geology] The overall characteristics of a rock unit that reflect its origin and differentiate the unit from others around it. Mineralogy and sedimentary source, fossil content, sedimentary structures and texture distinguish one facies from another.
What do you mean by facies?
1 : general appearance a plant species with a particularly distinct facies. 2 : an appearance and expression of the face characteristic of a particular condition especially when abnormal adenoid facies.
What is the concept of sedimentary facies?
Sedimentary facies are bodies of sediment that are recognizably distinct from adjacent sediments that resulted from different depositional environments. Generally, geologists distinguish facies by the aspect of the rock or sediment being studied.
What is seismic stratigraphy in geology?
Seismic stratigraphy, the science of interpreting or modeling stratigraphy, sedimentary facies, and geologic history from seismic reflection data, has been practiced for at least three decades. Seismic stratigraphy has initiated a revolution in stratigraphic analysis as profound as that caused by plate tectonics.
What is reflection continuity?
Reflection continuity: It shows the continuity of layers. It is related to energy levels and sedimentary processes in the depositional environment. Reflection amplitude: It shows lithology contrast, bedding spacing and fluid content. Reflection frequency: It gives bed thickness and sometimes fluid information like gas.
What are facies fossils?
A fossil organism that is restricted to a particular rock, reflecting the original environment of deposition.
What is seismic sequence analysis?
The objective of seismic sequence analysis is to identify depositional sequences and systems tracts on seismic sections by interpreting the location of their boundaries. Boundaries are manifested as discontinuities in seismic sections and are located mainly by finding reflection terminations.
What is CDP seismic?
Abstract: The Common Depth Point (CDP) Method is a seismic data acquisition and processing technique which transforms field recordings from seismic surveys into pseudo-cross-sectional images of the earth’s geologic layering beneath the survey line.
What is Downlap in stratigraphy?
1. n. [Geology] The termination of more steeply dipping overlying strata against a surface or underlying strata that have lower apparent dips; a term used to describe a particular geometry of reflections in seismic data in sequence stratigraphy.
What is seismic facies classification?
Seismic Facies Classification. Seismic facies classification refers to the interpretation of facies type from the seismic reflector information. The key elements used to determine seismic facies and depositional setting are bedform internal and external configuration/geometry, lateral continuity, amplitude, frequency, and interval velocity.
What is an example of facies in geology?
Since its inception, the facies concept has been extended to related geological concepts. For example, characteristic associations of organic microfossils, and particulate organic material, in rocks or sediments, are called palynofacies. Discrete seismic units are similarly referred to as seismic facies.
What is the meaning of sedimentary facies?
Sedimentary facies. Ideally, a sedimentary facies is a distinctive rock unit that forms under certain conditions of sedimentation, reflecting a particular process or environment. Sedimentary facies are either descriptive or interpretative. Sedimentary facies are bodies of sediment that are recognizably distinct from adjacent sediments…
How conformable are seismic successions at subseismic scales?
In this case, relatively conformable successions are observed at seismic scales, most commonly in a range of 10 1 –10 2 m (i.e. scales that exceed the vertical seismic resolution; Figs 23.6 and 23.7 ). However, unconformity-bounded units can also be identified at subseismic scales with higher resolution data sets ( Fig. 23.8 ).