What causes the Indian dipole?
The Indian Ocean Dipole, or IOD, is a natural climate phenomenon that influences rainfall patterns around the Indian Ocean, including Australia. It’s brought about by the interactions between the currents along the sea surface and atmospheric circulation.
What is IOD in meteorology?
The Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), also known as the Indian Niño, is an irregular oscillation of sea surface temperatures in which the western Indian Ocean becomes alternately warmer (positive phase) and then colder (negative phase) than the eastern part of the ocean.
What is IOD in oceanography?
Integrative. Oceanography Division IOD distinguishes itself as scientific home for researchers working at the boundaries of traditional academic spheres, and generating growing programs in the integration of research with informatics as well as with education and public outreach.
What are ENSO and IOD?
The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) are two well-known temporal oscillations in sea surface temperature (SST), which are both thought to influence the interannual variability of Indian summer monsoon rainfall (ISMR).
What is the current Indian Ocean dipole?
The latest weekly value of the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) index to 19 December 2021 was −0.31 °C, within neutral bounds.
What is Indian Ocean dipole Upsc?
Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) is something that happens in the Indian Ocean. It is an atmospheric-ocean-based phenomenon just like the El Nino and La Nina, where the temperatures of the sea surface waters get warmed up in the positive phase of IOD and get cooled up in the negative phase of IOD.
What is Enso Upsc?
The ENSO is a recurring climatic pattern involving temperature changes in the waters of the eastern and central tropical Pacific Ocean, and changes in the patterns of upper and lower-level winds, sea level pressure, and tropical rainfall across the Pacific Basin.
What is El Nino Modoki?
El Niño Modoki is a coupled ocean-atmosphere phenomenon in the tropical Pacific. It is different from another coupled phenomenon in the tropical Pacific namely, El Niño. Conventional El Niño is characterized by strong anomalous warming in the eastern equatorial Pacific.
What is ENSO Upsc?
Is Australia in an El Nino?
The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the major climate driver in the Pacific Ocean and can have a strong impact on Australia’s climate. El Niño years are typically warmer and drier over eastern Australia and La Niña years tend to be cooler and wetter over much of the country.
What is El Niño Modoki?
What causes positive IOD?
Positive IOD phase Westerly winds weaken along the equator allowing warm water to shift towards Africa. This sets up a temperature difference across the tropical Indian Ocean with cooler than normal water in the east and warmer than normal water in the west.