What do hypoxia-inducible factors do?
Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF)-1 is a dimeric protein complex that plays an integral role in the body’s response to low oxygen concentrations, or hypoxia. HIF-1 is among the primary genes involved in the homeostatic process, which can increase vascularization in hypoxic areas such as localized ischemia and tumors.
What genes does HIF regulate?
HIF activates genes that control cellular oxygen homeostasis, including genes involved in oxygen consumption, erythrocyte production, angio- genesis, and mitochondrial metabolism. Hypoxic cells counter stress by transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms, mainly regulated by HIF.
What is the role of HIF 1alpha in tumor progression?
Activated HIF-1 plays a crucial role in adaptive responses of the tumor cells to changes in oxygen through transcriptional activation of over 100 downstream genes which regulate vital biological processes required for tumor survival and progression.
Is hif1a an oncogene?
Collectively, our data show that HIF-1 is a pivotal pro-tumorigenic factor, controlling key oncogenic programs in both the epithelial tumor compartment and the tumor microenvironment.
What happens when tissue is deprived of oxygen?
The consequence of oxygen deprivation in tissues is a switch to anaerobic metabolism at the cellular level. As such, reduced systemic blood flow may result in increased serum lactate.
How does hypoxia inducible factors increase performance through angiogenesis?
The lack of oxygen causes cancer cells to produce HIF. This activates the secretion of vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF). VEGF triggers angiogenesis. The resulting new blood vessels supply oxygen and nutrients allowing the tumor to thrive.
What is a hypoxia-inducible factor?
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are transcription factors that respond to decreases in available oxygen in the cellular environment, or hypoxia.
What does HIF-1α stand for?
Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α)/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Pathway Participates in Angiogenesis of Myocardial Infarction in Muscone-Treated Mice: Preliminary Study
What is the role of HIF-1 in hypoxic conditions?
HIF-1, when stabilized by hypoxic conditions, upregulates several genes to promote survival in low-oxygen conditions. These include glycolysis enzymes, which allow ATP synthesis in an oxygen-independent manner, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which promotes angiogenesis.
What happens when HIF-1 alpha is hydroxylated?
Under normoxic conditions, Hif-1 alpha is hydroxylated at two proline residues. It then associates with VHL and is tagged with ubiquitin resulting in proteasomal degradation. Under hypoxic conditions, Hif-1 alpha translocates to the cell nucleus and associates with Hif-1 beta.