How do you test subscapularis?
The patient is asked to press the palm of the hand against the abdomen, through shoulder internal rotation. The test is positive for subscapularis muscle dysfunction if the patient compensates the movement through started wrist flexion, shoulder adduction and shoulder extension.
What does the Hawkins-Kennedy test determine?
Interpretation. A positive Hawkins-Kennedy test is indicative of an impingement of all structures that are located between the greater tubercle of the humerus and the coracohumeral ligament. The impinged structures include the supraspinatus muscle, teres minor muscle, and the infraspinatus muscle.
What does a positive Jobes test mean?
A positive test is pain or weakness on resisting an inferiorly directed force applied to the distal arms or an inability to perform the test.
Can subscapularis be palpated?
The subscapularis muscle belly can only be reached by bringing the hand in between the scapula and the thorax. It cannot really be palpated. The tendinous insertion on the lesser tuberosity, however, can easily be palpated.
What does a positive neers and Hawkins test indicate?
A positive test is indicated by pain in the anterior or lateral shoulder when in full flexion. It is indicative of problems involving the supraspinatus and the long head of the biceps brachii tendons.
What does a positive Yergason’s test indicate?
Purpose. It identifies the presence of a pathology involving the biceps tendon or glenoid labrum. The specific positive findings to the test include: pain in the bicipital groove indicating biceps tendinitis, subluxation of the long head of the biceps brachii muscle, and presence of a SLAP tear.
Which test is positive for infraspinatus?
The patient is asked to externally rotate both forearms against the examiner’s resistance. The test is positive when there is weakness or pain in external rotation. Infraspinatus tears are usually painless so external rotation weakness strongly suggests infraspinatus tear.
How do you palpate an infraspinatus tendon?
Procedure. The infraspinatus muscle is palpated by flat palpation perpendicular to the muscle fiber direction against the infraspinous fossa. In the upper portion, the fibers run in a direction similar to that of the spine of the scapula and more obliquely in the outer lower portion.
What is a positive Yocum test?
During the Yocum Test / Manoeuvre, the arm is forced to ADDuction and the elbow is flexed until the hand is over the contralateral shoulder. Then the patient raises the elbow without moving the shoulder. The test is considered to be positive if the patient has pain during the manoeuvre.
What is the difference between the coracoid and Yocum test?
The coracoid impingement test works like this: The PT stands beside you and raises your arm to shoulder level with your elbow bent at a 90-degree angle. Supporting your elbow, they press down gently on your wrist. In the Yocum test, you place one hand on your opposite shoulder and raise your elbow without raising your shoulder.
How do you do the Yocum and cross arm test?
Supporting your elbow, they press down gently on your wrist. In the Yocum test, you place one hand on your opposite shoulder and raise your elbow without raising your shoulder. In the cross-arm test, you raise your arm to shoulder level with your elbow flexed at a 90-degree angle.