Is diisopropyl fluorophosphate a competitive inhibitor?
The substrate may combine with such an enzyme but product formation is inhibited. For example, DFP or di-isopropyl fluorophosphate (nerve gas) reacts with hydroxyl group of serine of acetylcholine-esterase. Inhibition of acetyl choline by DFP is an example of non-competitive irreversible inhibition.
What type of inhibitor is DFP?
Diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) is a potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitor commonly used in toxicological studies as an organophosphorus nerve agent surrogate.
What is affected by diisopropyl fluorophosphate?
Acute exposure to diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP) causes irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity, leading to various behavioral and autonomic sequelae including hypothermia, reduced motor activity, and other neurological dysfunctions.
What is isoflurophate used for?
Isoflurophate is used in the eye to treat certain types of glaucoma and other eye conditions, such as accommodative esotropia. They may also be used in the diagnosis of certain eye conditions, such as accommodative esotropia.
Can DIPF inhibit trypsin?
The peptidases trypsin and chymotrypsin contain serine groups at the active site and are inhibited by DIFP.
How does DFP inhibit serine protease?
Diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP) is an irreversible serine protease inhibitor. Its hydrophobic nature and low molecular weight allow it to permeate intact cells and intracellular granules to prevent proteolysis before cellular barriers are disrupted by homogenization or detergent [1].
How does DIPF inactivate chymotrypsin?
Diisopropylphosphofluoridate (DIPF) inactivates chymotrypsin by covalently modifying serine-195. This occurs because: it looks like the substrate for chymotrypsin (but not trypsin) and thus can bind in its active site and modify His-57. Trypsin does not have a His residue present in the active site to react with TPCK.
Is Echothiophate water soluble?
Echothiophate iodide for ophthalmic solution occurs as a white, crystalline, water-soluble, hygroscopic solid having a slight mercaptan-like odor.
What is the role of pancreatic trypsin inhibitor?
Trypsin activity is properly suppressed in the pancreatic acinar cells under normal conditions. A small amount of trypsinogen is converted to active trypsin and inactivated by pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI), thereby preventing damage to pancreatic acinar cells as a first line of defense.
How do you make isopropyl fluorophosphate?
Isoflurophate, the diisopropyl ester of fluorophosphoric acid, is made by reacting isopropyl alcohol with phosphorus trichloride, forming diisopropylphosphite, which is chlorinated and further reacted with sodium fluoride to replace the chlorine atom with fluorine, thus giving diisopropyl fluorophosphate.
What are the side effects of diisopropyl fluorophosphate Isoflurophate?
Diisopropyl Fluorophosphate Isoflurophate produces intense miosis, ciliary spasm, and headache and is hydrolyzed so rapidly that touching the lids with the eyedropper during application may inactivate the drug. From: Becker-Shaffer’s Diagnosis and Therapy of the Glaucomas (Eighth Edition), 2009
What is Diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP)?
Diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) is an organophosphorus compound (OP) that has not been used as a pesticide, chemical warfare agent or plasticizer. From: Handbook of Toxicology of Chemical Warfare Agents (Second Edition), 2015
What is the vapor phase of diisopropyl fluorophosphate?
ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), diisopropyl fluorophosphate, which has a vapor pressure of 0.54 mm Hg at 25 deg C(2), is expected to exist solely in the vapor-phase in the ambient atmosphere.