What are xenobiotics examples?
Xenobiotic is a term used to describe chemical substances that are foreign to animal life and thus includes such examples as plant constituents, drugs, pesticides, cosmetics, flavorings, fragrances, food additives, industrial chemicals and environmental pollutants.
What xenobiotics mean?
Xenobiotics have been defined as chemicals to which an organism is exposed that are extrinsic to the normal metabolism of that organism. Without metabolism, many xenobiotics would reach toxic concentrations. Most metabolic activity inside the cell requires energy, cofactors, and enzymes in order to occur.
Which of the following is a xenobiotic compound?
These compounds are produced as plastics, e.g., polyethylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride etc., and nylons which are used as garments, wrapping materials etc. They are recalcitrant mainly due to their insolubility in water and molecular size.
Why are xenobiotics harmful?
Xenobiotics are agents that are foreign to the body or a biological system. The potential effect of xenobiotics over humans by causing environmental pollution, drug induced organ toxicity and carcinogenesis are of clinical concern.
Are xenobiotics nutrients?
For the purpose of this symposium, however, xenobiotic does not include non-essential nutrients which occur in the diet, but will be restricted to environmental compounds which are acutely toxic, potentially toxic requiring activation, or which exhibit long term effects, such as mutagens, carcinogens or teratogens.
Are all xenobiotics also toxins?
Xenobiotics causing a variety of toxicity in biological systems could be classified as two types, inorganic and organic chemicals. It is estimated that the organic xenobiotics are responsible for approximately 80~90% of chemical-induced toxicity in human population.
How xenobiotics are formed?
Natural compounds can also become xenobiotics if they are taken up by another organism, such as the uptake of natural human hormones by fish found downstream of sewage treatment plant outfalls, or the chemical defenses produced by some organisms as protection against predators.
What is Bioactivation of xenobiotic compounds?
Bioactivation of a number of xenobiotics, including carbon tetrachloride and acetaminophen, leads to both lipid peroxidation and covalent binding, leaving the scientist unsure about which pathway is fatal. Experiments to test whether acetaminophen toxicity is due solely to one path or the other are inconclusive.
Why are xenobiotics important?
Enzymes that metabolize Xenobiotics are very important for the pharmaceutical industry as they are responsible for the breakdown of drugs. Likewise, Xenobiotic transporters also affect the duration that drugs are present in the body.
What are xenobiotic chemicals?
Definition of xenobiotic. : a chemical compound (such as a drug, pesticide, or carcinogen) that is foreign to a living organism.
What does xenobiotic mean?
Jump to navigation Jump to search. A xenobiotic is a chemical substance found within an organism that is not naturally produced or expected to be present within the organism.
What is a xenobiotic substance?
A xenobiotic is a chemical substance found within an organism that is not naturally produced or expected to be present within the organism. It can also cover substances that are present in much higher concentrations than are usual.
What is a xenobiotic chemical?
Definition of xenobiotic : a chemical compound (such as a drug, pesticide, or carcinogen) that is foreign to a living organism : a chemical compound (as a drug, pesticide, or carcinogen) that is foreign to a living organism