What does KLF2 do?
KLF2 has an important function in T-lymphocyte differentiation. T-cells are activated and more prone to apoptosis without KLF2, suggesting that KLF2 regulates T-cell quiescence and survival.
How are endothelial cells stimulated?
A stimulating agent acting at the endothelial cell surface causes the activation of cytoplasmic nuclear factor κB. Once activated, nuclear factor κB is transported into the nucleus and binds to promoter areas of genes which are upregulated in endothelial cell activation.
What is KLF4 gene?
KLF4 (Kruppel Like Factor 4) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with KLF4 include Secretory Meningioma and Epilepsy, Idiopathic Generalized 15. Among its related pathways are Metabolism of proteins and Regulation of Wnt-mediated beta catenin signaling and target gene transcription.
How do inflammatory cytokines impact endothelial function?
TNF-α-induced effects include the release of cell surface adhesion molecules, the increase in thrombotic activity, and induction of endothelial and smooth muscle cell apoptosis by increased formation of ROS within the plaque [4].
What is the difference between endothelial and epithelial cells?
Endothelial cells cover the blood vessel inner surface, while epithelial cells cover outer surface of the internal organs and the body.
How are endothelial cells adapted to their function?
For example, the endothelial cells have mechanoreceptors that allow them to sense the shear stress due to flow of blood over their surface; by signaling this information to the surrounding cells, they enable the blood vessel to adapt its diameter and wall thickness to suit the blood flow.
What promotes endothelial cell proliferation and migration?
Proliferation and migration of endothelial cells is promoted by endothelins via activation of ETB receptors.
Do endothelial cells express TLR4?
In endothelial cells, exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a major cell wall constituent of Gram-negative bacteria, results in endothelial activation through a receptor complex consisting of TLR4, CD14 and MD2.
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