What food contains thapsigargin?
The Mediterranean plant Thapsia garganica (Apiaceae), also known as deadly carrot, produces the highly toxic compound thapsigargin.
What plant produces thapsigargin?
The Mediterranean plant Thapsia garganica (dicot, Apiaceae), also known as deadly carrot, produces the highly toxic compound thapsigargin.
Where is thapsigargin found?
plant Thapsia garganica L
The sesquiterpene lactone thapsigargin is found in the plant Thapsia garganica L., and is one of the major constituents of the roots and fruits of this Mediterranean species. In 1978, the first pharmacological effects of thapsigargin were established and the full structure was elucidated in 1985.
How does thapsigargin induced ER stress?
ER stress can be induced by treating cells with 0.1–1 µM of thapsigargin for 5 hours. Brefeldin A inhibits transport of proteins from the ER to the Golgi and induces retrograde protein transport from the Golgi apparatus to the endoplasmic reticulum. This leads to the accumulation of unfolded proteins in the ER.
What is the function of thapsigargin?
It is a tumor promoter in mammalian cells. Thapsigargin raises cytosolic (intracellular) calcium concentration by blocking the ability of the cell to pump calcium into the sarcoplasmic and endoplasmic reticula.
What is thapsigargin used for?
A sesquiterpene lactone, thapsigargin, is a phytochemical found in the roots and fruits of Mediterranean plants from Thapsia L. species that have been used for centuries in folk medicine to treat rheumatic pain, lung diseases, and female infertility.
What is another name for thapsigargin?
2.4Synonyms Azuleno[4,5-b]furan, octanoic acid deriv.
What type of movement process is thapsigargin inhibiting?
More recently thapsigargin was found to be a potent cytotoxin that induces apoptosis by inhibiting the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) pump, which is necessary for cellular viability.
Is thapsigargin a drug?
What is the mechanism of action of thapsigargin?
Mechanism of Action Thapsigargin is an inhibitor of sarco endoplasmic reticulum Ca2 ATPase (SERCA). It pumps calcium ions from the cytoplasm into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and thapsigargin. This process will causes an increase in the cytoplasmic calcium levels while also depleting ER stores.
Is thapsigargin reversible?
It has been suggested that thapsigargin acts through inhibition of the endoplasmic reticulum calcium pump. The interaction of thapsigargin with the SERCA isoforms is rapid, stoichiometric, and essentially irreversible.
How does thapsigargin raise calcium levels?
Thapsigargin. It is a tumor promoter in mammalian cells. Thapsigargin raises cytosolic (intracellular) calcium concentration by blocking the ability of the cell to pump calcium into the sarcoplasmic and endoplasmic reticula. Store-depletion can secondarily activate plasma membrane calcium channels, allowing an influx of calcium into the cytosol.
Thapsigargin inhibits Ca (2+)-transporting ATPase mediated uptake of calcium ions into sarcoplasmic reticulum and is used in experimentation examining the impacts of increasing cytosolic calcium concentrations. It has a role as an EC 3.6.3.8 (Ca (2+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor and a calcium channel blocker.
How does thapsigargin inhibit autophagy?
Thapsigargin treatment and the resulting ER calcium depletion inhibits autophagy independent of the UPR. Thapsigargin is useful in experimentation examining the impacts of increasing cytosolic calcium concentrations and ER calcium depletion.
Is thapsigargin safe to use in humans?
Thapsigargin has yet to be tested in humans. There are preclinical indications that the drug may have anticancer potential Isaacs (2006), Lee et al (2007). Moreover, storage operated calcium channels may be the source of the elevated intracellular calcium in platelets and lymphocytes of bipolar patients.