What GCaMP means?
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. GCaMP is a genetically encoded calcium indicator (GECI) initially developed in 2001 by Junichi Nakai. It is a synthetic fusion of green fluorescent protein (GFP), calmodulin (CaM), and M13, a peptide sequence from myosin light-chain kinase.
Is GCaMP ratiometric?
We report on GCaMP-Rs, a new family of genetically encoded ratiometric calcium indicators that extend the virtues of the GCaMP proteins to ratiometric measurements. We have engineered a tandem construct of calcium-dependent GCaMP and calcium-independent mCherry fluorescent proteins.
Who discovered GCaMP?
The original GCaMP molecule designed and created by Junichi Nakai has been modified and improved and we are now utilizing 3rd generation molecules with higher dynamic ranges and more rapid off kinetics.
What is cpGFP?
Abstract. To visualize Ca2+-dependent protein–protein interactions in living cells by fluorescence readouts, we used a circularly permuted green fluorescent protein (cpGFP), in which the amino and carboxyl portions had been interchanged and reconnected by a short spacer between the original termini.
What is in vivo fiber photometry?
Fiber photometry is an in vivo calcium imaging method that detects average fluorescence intensity changes. Thus, this method is used to measure population neural activity in a freely-behaving animal (Cui et al. 2014).
How does Fura-2 work?
Fura-2, an aminopolycarboxylic acid, is a ratiometric fluorescent dye which binds to free intracellular calcium. The use of the ratio automatically cancels out confounding variables, such as variable dye concentration and cell thickness, making Fura-2 one of the most appreciated tools to quantify calcium levels.
What is a ratiometric dye?
Ratiometric, or dual-wavelength, ion indicators are a subcategory of fluorescent dyes utilized for their ability to quantitatively measure intracellular ion concentrations.
What is circularly permuted GFP?
In circularly permuted FPs (cpFPs), the original N- and C-termini are fused using a peptide linker, while new termini are formed near the chromophore. Such a structure imparts greater mobility to the FP than that of the native variant, allowing greater lability of the spectral characteristics.
What is circular permutation genetics?
A circular permutation is a relationship between proteins whereby the proteins have a changed order of amino acids in their peptide sequence. The result is a protein structure with different connectivity, but overall similar three-dimensional (3D) shape.