What is a nitrogen functional group?
The amine functional group contains a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair of electrons. As such, the group is derivative of ammonia, in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a carbon-containing substituent.
What does phosphate functional group do?
A phosphate group consists of a phosphorus atom bonded to four oxygen atoms. Compounds with phosphate groups are called organic phosphates and they are frequently involved in energy transfer reactions. Phosphates can also be found in the backbone of DNA forming phosphodiester bonds (two esters with a common posphonyl).
What is an alcohol functional group?
The functional group of an alcohol is the hydroxyl group, –OH. Unlike the alkyl halides, this group has two reactive covalent bonds, the C–O bond and the O–H bond. The electronegativity of oxygen is substantially greater than that of carbon and hydrogen.
What is ketone functional group?
In chemistry, a ketone /ˈkiːtoʊn/ is a functional group with the structure R2C=O, where R can be a variety of carbon-containing substituents. Ketones contain a carbonyl group (a carbon-oxygen double bond). Many ketones are of great importance in biology and in industry.
What are nitrogen containing compounds?
Nitrogen forms many thousands of organic compounds. Most of the known varieties may be regarded as derived from ammonia, hydrogen cyanide, cyanogen, and nitrous or nitric acid. The amines, amino acids, and amides, for example, are derived from or closely related to ammonia.
Is no2 functional group?
Nitro compounds are organic compounds that contain one or more nitro functional groups (−NO 2). The nitro group is one of the most common explosophores (functional group that makes a compound explosive) used globally. The nitro group is also strongly electron-withdrawing.
What is the role of phosphate in DNA?
A phosphate backbone is the portion of the DNA double helix that provides structural support to the molecule. DNA consists of two strands that wind around each other like a twisted ladder. Each strand has a backbone made of alternating sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups.
What is an example of phosphate?
Calcium phosphate (Ca(H2PO4)2) is a good example of a condensed phosphate. These types of phosphates are naturally occurring, but can also be synthetically combined to be used in various industries. For the example of calcium phosphate, our bones and tooth enamel are strengthened by it.
What is the difference between ketone and aldehyde?
You will remember that the difference between an aldehyde and a ketone is the presence of a hydrogen atom attached to the carbon-oxygen double bond in the aldehyde. Ketones don’t have that hydrogen. The presence of that hydrogen atom makes aldehydes very easy to oxidize (i.e., they are strong reducing agents).