What is adequate visual reference?
ADEQUATE VIS REF (Adequate Visual Refer- ence. ) — Runway markings or runway lighting that provides the pilot with adequate visual reference to continuously identify the takeoff surface and maintain directional control throughout the takeoff run.
What are takeoff alternate minimums?
IFR takeoff alternates are required when weather conditions are above takeoff minimums, but below landing minimums for the departure runway or airport. If you decided to go, and if the ceiling and visibility on departure are lower than the instrument approach minimums, have an alternate airport nearby in mind.
What is takeoff alternate?
A Take-off alternate is an aerodrome at which an aircraft would be able to land should this become necessary shortly after take-off and it is not possible to use the aerodrome of departure.
What is the minimum RVR for a visual approach?
The lowest authorized ILS minimums, with all required ground and airborne systems components operative, are: (a) Category I Decision Height ( DH ) 200 feet and Runway Visual Range ( RVR ) 2,400 feet (with touchdown zone and centerline lighting, RVR 1,800 feet); (b) Category II DH 100 feet and RVR 1,200 feet; (c) …
What is the difference between CAT II and CAT III?
The main difference between CAT II / CAT III operations is that Category II provides sufficient visual reference to permit a manual landing at DH, whereas Category III does not provide sufficient visual references and requires an automatic landing system.
What are cat 1 minimums?
Lists the minimum requirements for CAT I approaches using a RVR minimum of 1800 feet and a decision altitude (DA) of 200 feet, and CAT I approaches using a RVR minimum as low as 1400 feet and a radar altimeter decision height (DH) as low as 150 feet height above touchdown (HAT) at runways which do not have touchdown …
What do alternate minimums mean?
So, what are alternate minimums when flying IFR? Standard alternate minimums require the forecasted conditions at the time of arrival be at least 2 miles visibility and at or above 600 foot ceilings for precision approaches, or 800 foot ceilings for non-precision approaches.
What are the alternate airport requirements?
Planning Your IFR Alternate For your alternate airport to meet the requirements of FAR 91.169, the weather conditions at the ETA must meet or exceed: If a usable precision approach is available: 600′ ceilings AND 2 SM of visibility. If only a non-precision approach is useable: 800′ AND 2 SM of visibility.
When can you file takeoff alternate?
Takeoff alternates are required in commercial operations when the weather at the departure airport below landing minimums. The takeoff alternate’s weather must meet regular alternate airport weather minimums and it must be within one-hour flying time in still air with one engine inoperative.
What are the requirements for a visual approach?
“A Visual Approach is an approach conducted on an IFR flight plan which authorizes the pilot to proceed visually and clear of clouds to the airport. The reported ceiling at the airport must be at or above 1000 feet with visibility of three miles or greater.
What is Cat 3 approach?
The Cat III approach is a team sport, however, always played with a complete flight crew. It requires use of “monitored approach” procedures. These are designed to ease the flight crew’s transition from IMC conditions to visual control of the aircraft at some point during the approach, landing, or rollout.