What is autochthonous model?
Autochthonous mouse models for human cancers are obtained by initiating tumors in a normal cell de novo and within the intact organism. The main advantage of these models is the pathophysiological relevance of the tumor initiation.
What is PDX model?
Patient-derived xenografts (PDX) are models of cancer where the tissue or cells from a patient’s tumor are implanted into an immunedeficient or humanized mouse. PDX models simulate human tumor biology allowing for natural cancer progression, and offer the most translational research model for evaluating efficacy.
What is a syngeneic donor?
Syngeneic. The donor is an identical twin of the patient. This is the simplest source of stem cells. Syngeneic transplants are the least complicated transplants because there is no risk of rejection, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), or tumor in the marrow.
What is orthotopic surgery?
Orthotopic procedures (from Greek orthos, straight + topos, place) are those occurring at the normal place. Examples include: Orthotopic liver transplantation, in which the previous liver is removed and the transplant is placed at that location in the body.
What are Syngeneic models?
Syngeneic models have been around a lot longer than the standard cell line derived and patient-derived xenografts (PDX) now commonly used for oncology efficacy studies. Syngeneics were first developed over 50 years ago, some of them from GEMM and spontaneous tumors.
What does syngeneic mean in medical terms?
Medical Definition of syngeneic. : genetically identical especially with respect to antigens or immunological reactions syngeneic tumor cells grafts between syngeneic mice — compare allogeneic, xenogeneic.
What are the disadvantages of using syngeneics?
All models have their drawbacks, and while syngeneics are extremely useful they do have some limitations. First off is the number of cell lines available. While model panels include 30+ syngeneics, this is a significantly lower number than say human xenograft models available.
What are sysyngeneic cell lines?
Syngeneic cell lines can be easily cultured and expanded in any lab. The models have 100% penetrance and subcutaneous injections can be carefully timed to synchronize tumor development and mimic xenograft study design.