What is bone modulus?
Typically, the modulus of human trabecular bone ranges between 10 and 3,000 MPa, whereas strength, which is linearly and strongly correlated with modulus (82, 89), is generally two orders of magnitude smaller, in the range 0.1–30 MPa.
What is the strength of cortical bone?
In four-point bending, emu cortical bone was found to have an elastic modulus of 13.1 GPa. Its yield stress was determined to be 113 MPa and the ultimate strength was 146 MPa.
What is the shear modulus of bone?
Although the measured values varied over a wide range, the shear modulus has to be assumed between 8 and 40 MPa for apparent densities between 0.1 and 0.8 g/cm .
What is cortical thickness of bone?
Cortical bone thickness is a significant factor in that greater thickness supports better success rates but can have negative effects through greater chance of MI fractures, overheating and necrosis. A clinical cortical bone thickness threshold of 1 mm increased success rate.
What is cortical bone?
Cortical bone is the dense outer surface of bone that forms a protective layer around the internal cavity. This type of bone also known as compact bone makes up nearly 80% of skeletal mass and is imperative to body structure and weight bearing because of its high resistance to bending and torsion.
Is cortical bone isotropic or anisotropic?
Cortical bone is an inhomogeneous and anisotropic tissue subjected to large loads during typical daily activities. While studies assuming isotropic material properties are frequent, anisotropy and inhomogeneity of cortical bone have been rarely taken into account.
Why is the cortical bone the strongest part?
Cortical bone is stronger and stiffer in compression than tension; under longitudinal loads than transverse or shear loads; and under higher strain rates than lower strain rates[95,101,104,114,198,203-205].
Where is cortical bone thickest?
posterior mandible
(2) The cortical bone was thickest in the posterior mandible (1.15 ± 0.42 mm), followed by the anterior mandible (1.01 ± 0.32 mm), anterior maxilla (0.89 ± 0.26 mm), and posterior maxilla (0.72 ± 0.19 mm).
What does cortical bone do?
What is the Young’s modulus of titanium?
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
| Commercially pure titanium | Titanium alloy Ti-6AI-4V | |
|---|---|---|
| Young’s modulus GPa | 106 | 113 |
| Poisson’s ratio | 0.34 | 0.30-0.33 |
| Electric resistance (μ Ω-cm, 20°C) | 47-55 | 171 |
What is cortical bone made of?
The adult human cortical bone is largely composed of Haversian systems, or osteons, and complete osteons with intact Haversian canals occupy about 45% of the total cortical area. This is a reflection both of longevity and of the rate at which cortical bone turnover occurs.
Is cortical bone spongy?
Cortical bone is a dense tissue that contains less than 10% soft tissue. Cancellous or spongy bone is made up of trabecules shaped as plates or rods interspersed between bone marrow that represents more than 75% of the cancellous bone volume.
What is the average Young’s modulus of cortical bone?
The average trabecular Young’s modulus measured ultrasonically and mechanically was 14.8 GPa (S.D. 1.4) and 10.4 (S.D. 3.5) and the average Young’s modulus of microspecimens of cortical bone measured ultrasonically and mechanically was 20.7 GPa (S.D. 1.9) and 18.6 GPa (S.D. 3.5).
What is the Young’s modulus in the femoral midshaft?
The results indicate that in the femoral midshaft the cortical bone has an average Young’s modulus value of 18600 +/- 1900 MPa. This agrees well with data obtained by other researchers using different experimental methods. Statistical analyses revealed no regional variations in the value of the longitudinal modulus of the bone.
Is cortical bone denser than trabeculae in vivo?
However, the specimens were dried before microtensile testing so Young’s modulus values may have been greater than those of trabeculae in vivo. Using Young’s modulus measurements obtained from 450 cubes of cancellous bone and 256 cubes of cortical bone, Wolff’s hypothesis that cortical bone is simply dense cancellous bone was tested.
Is cortical bone simply dense cancellous bone?
Using Young’s modulus measurements obtained from 450 cubes of cancellous bone and 256 cubes of cortical bone, Wolff’s hypothesis that cortical bone is simply dense cancellous bone was tested.