What is cervical plexus anesthesia?
The superficial cervical plexus block provides ipsilateral anesthesia to the “cape” region roughly bordered by the posterior tip of the earlobe, the lateral end of the clavicle, the medial aspect of the mandible and the inferior surface of the clavicle.[1] Cervical plexus blocks are easy to perform and provide …
What does the cervical plexus do?
The function of the cervical plexus is to provide skeletal muscle control of the neck and upper torso as well as providing cutaneous sensation to parts of the occiput, neck, and shoulder. The greater occipital nerve originates from the second cervical nerve independent of the cervical plexus.
Where is the cervical plexus block?
Regional Anesthesia The superficial cervical plexus block is performed by injection of local anesthetic subcutaneously along the posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, where the cutaneous branches of the plexus fan out to innervate the skin of the lateral neck.
What is the cervical plexus responsible for what nerves are present?
The cervical plexus is a group of nerves located in the neck. It is one of the most complex structures in the body, providing sensory and motor nerve supply to parts of the neck, upper back, and arms. Branches from the cervical plexus also supply nerve impulses to the diaphragm, a large muscle that powers breathing.
How long does a cervical nerve block last?
A nerve block typically lasts between 8 and 36 hours depending on the type of nerve block. The feelings and movement in that part of the body will come back gradually.
How do you block cervical plexus?
Using a “fan” technique with superior-inferior needle redirections, the local anesthetic is injected alongside the posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle 2–3 cm below and then above the needle insertion site. The goal is to achieve blockade of all four major branches of the superficial cervical plexus.
Are cervical nerve blocks safe?
Potential risks and complications While a cervical selective nerve root block is generally considered a low-risk procedure when performed by a qualified medical professional, risks and complications may include: Bleeding. Infection. Nerve or spinal cord damage.
Are nerve blocks in neck safe?
Nerve blocks are very safe, but like any medical procedure, a nerve block carries some risks. In general, nerve blocks carry fewer side effects than most other types of pain medications. Risks and side effects of a nerve block include: infection.
What are the 4 major nerve plexuses?
Nervous System – Neuroanatomy. 4 major nerve plexuses are found, which – together with their peripheral nerves -. are described below: 1. Cervical plexus. – arises from the ventral rami of C1 – C5. – supplies muscles of the shoulder and neck. – major motor branch is the phrenic nerve. – arises from C3 – C5.
What is a third occipital nerve block?
A third occipital nerve block is an injection performed in this area of the cervical spine (neck area). A fluoroscope (x-ray machine) assists the physician in locating the nerve roots that are inflamed and contributing to your pain. Why is it done? The third occipital nerve block is performed to relieve headaches.
What is the major nerve of the cervical plexus?
The most important motor branch of the cervical plexus is the phrenic nerve. The plexus also provides motor fibers to the spinal accessory nerve and to the paravertebral and deep muscles of the neck. Each nerve, with the exception of the first cervical nerve, provides significant cutaneous sensory innervation.
What is a lumbar plexus block?
The lumbar plexus block (psoas compartment block) is an advanced nerve block technique. Because the placement of the needle is in the deep muscles, the potential for systemic toxicity is greater than it is with more superficial techniques.