What is meant by cluster of differentiation?
The cluster of differentiation (CD) designation refers to proteins found on the surface of cells. Each unique surface molecule is assigned a different number, which allows cell phenotypes to be identified. Surface expression of a particular CD molecule is useful for the characterization of cell phenotypes.
What is cluster of differentiation markers?
Cluster of differentiation (CD) is a surface marker that identifies a particular differentiation lineage recognized by a group of monoclonal antibodies. Currently, CD2 is generally used to designate the molecule, and the CD2 antibody is used to designate the antibody.
What are cluster of differentiation antigens?
Cluster of Differentiation (CD) antigens are defined when a surface molecule found on some members of a standard panel of human cells reacts with at least one novel antibody, and there is good accompanying molecular data.
How many differentiation clusters are there?
Since then, its use has expanded to many other cell types, and more than 370 CD unique clusters and subclusters have been identified.
What does CD in CD4 stand for?
cluster of differentiation
CD (cluster of differentiation) antigens are cell-surface molecules expressed on leukocytes and other cells relevant for the immune system. For example, CD4 designates both the group of mAbs recognizing the CD4 cell surface molecule as well as the CD4 molecule itself.
What does CD mean in cd4?
CD Molecules CD (cluster of differentiation) antigens are cell-surface molecules expressed on leukocytes and other cells relevant for the immune system.
What is cluster of cells?
A cluster is a group of cells in which all available frequencies have been used once and only once. Since the same frequencies can be used in neighboring clusters, interference may become a problem. Therefore, the frequency re-use distance must be kept as large as possible.
What is Immunophenotypic?
Listen to pronunciation. (IH-myoo-noh-FEE-noh-ty-ping) A process that uses antibodies to identify cells based on the types of antigens or markers on the surface of the cells. This process is used in basic research and to help diagnose diseases, such as specific types of leukemia and lymphoma.
What is normal CD4 percentage?
This number tells you what percent of your total lymphocytes (a kind of white blood cell) are CD4 cells. A normal CD4 cell percentage is about 30 to 60 percent. The CD4 percentage is sometimes a more reliable measurement than the CD4 count because it tends to change less between measurements.
What is the cluster of differentiation?
The cluster of differentiation (often abbreviated as CD) is a protocol used for the identification and investigation of cell surface molecules providing targets for immunophenotyping of cells.
What is a cD cluster in immunophenotyping?
Cluster of differentiation. The cluster of differentiation (also known as cluster of designation or classification determinant and often abbreviated as CD) is a protocol used for the identification and investigation of cell surface molecules providing targets for immunophenotyping of cells.
How does the clustering algorithm work?
The algorithm forms clusters beginning with the pairs of mAb showing the closest or “least-distance” associations and then adds successive mAb pairs to the clusters. In this manner, a hierarchical tree was established, linking together in decreasing order of similarity all mAb tested.