What is neutrophil chemotactic factor?
A lymphokine that attracts neutrophils, but not other white blood cells, and causes proteolytic damage in sepsis and trauma.
What does chemotactic factor mean?
Definition. Chemotactic factors are substances that stimulate cellular locomotion/migration1. Some examples include formyl peptides, chemokines and complement proteins-3a and 5a1.
What complement factor is a chemotactic agent for neutrophils?
The complement product C5a is chemotactic for neutrophils, eosinophils, and macrophages, but not for lymphocytes (288). It is a 74 amino-acid peptide which is found in serum of animals treated with immune complexes or endotoxin.
How is neutrophil migration measured?
Assay Principle After 1 hour, neutrophils that have migrated through the pores into the lower chamber are detected by measuring their ATP levels through a luminescent-based method (CellTiter-Glo®, Promega) and read with a plate reader (EnVision, PerkinElmer).
Which is a chemotactic factor of leukocytes?
Interleukin 8 (IL-8) is a chemotactic factor that attracts neutrophils, basophils, and T-cells during the inflammatory process.
What are chemotactic factors for phagocytes?
A number of chemotactic factors (attractants) have been identified, both for neutrophils and monocytes. These include bacterial products, cell and tissue debris, and components of the inflammatory exudate such as peptides derived from complement.
Where do chemotactic factors come from?
Many neutrophil chemoattractants such as neutrophil activating proteins, leukotriene B4 (LTB4), platelet activating factor, and complement-derived C5a, are generated endogenously by host cells or enzymatic cleavage of host proteins.
Which of the following is a potent chemotactic factor?
Neutrophilic granulocytes (PMN) are attracted to sites of inflammation by chemotactic factors, the most potent of which are the complement split product C5a, the leukotriene B4 and the bacterial chemotactic factor-related tripeptide formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP).
How fast do neutrophils move?
To reach infection and inflammation sites first, neutrophils can have an average velocity of 19±6 μm/min in vitro – ~3–4-fold faster than other leukocytes like T lymphocytes (7 μm/min) and dendritic cells (2 μm/min) (51, 52), and up to 100-fold faster than mesenchymal migration of fibroblasts and invasive cancer cells …
Is leukotriene a chemotactic factors?
Leukotriene B4 is a potent chemotactic factor for both neutrophils and eosinophils, whereas leukotrienes C4 and D4, for example, enhance vascular permeability.
What is a ‘chemotactic factor’?
It is important to emphasize that the term ‘chemotactic factor’ is inadequate to describe the actions of these factors. In locomotion assays their prime effect is always to stimulate locomotion, and the form the locomotion takes, i.e. whether it is directed or random, depends on whether a gradient is present or not.
What is eosinophilic chemotactic factor?
Eosinophilic chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis (ECF-A) is a preformed mediator that has the ability to attract eosinophils to the target organ involved in the allergic reaction.82 Eosinophils, through their release of secondary enzymatic mediators, are major regulatory leukocytes of anaphylaxis.
Which chemotactic factors act on lymphocytes and monocytes?
Lists of chemotactic factors are given in Tables 1 and 2 under the Chemotaxis article, although there are many others which are not included. Many act on both neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages but not on lymphocytes. These include well-known factors such as C5a, formyl peptides and leukotriene B4.