What is the contrastive analysis hypothesis?
Contrastive analysis hypothesis is an area of comparative linguistics which is concerned with the comparison of two or more languages to determine the differences or similarities between them, either for theoretical purposes or purposes external to the analysis itself.
What are the weaknesses of contrastive analysis?
One of these criticisms is that contrastive analysis can predict only some of the learning problems. These problems are related to interference. According to Abbas (1995) contrastive analysis basic weakness lies in its overwhelming emphasis on one type of errors, i.e. interference.
What is contrastive analysis example?
Contrastive analysis is the study and comparison of two languages. For example, this can be comparing English with Latin or Basque with Iroquois. This turned into an assumption that the mistakes were caused by the student’s first language interfering with the second.
What is strong version of contrastive analysis hypothesis?
Strong version “The change that has to take place in the language behavior of a foreign language student can be equated to the differences between the structure of the students native language and culture and that of the target language and culture.” (Banathy, Trager, Waddle, 1966).
Which type of errors can contrastive analysis be expected to predict?
The contrastive analysis model works best in predicting phonological error. However, errors of morphology, syntax, lexis and discourse are imperfectly predicted by contrastive analysis.
What is error and contrastive analysis?
Contrastive Analysis of two languages in question: L1 and L2, pointing at the specific features of each language system (in its major areas: phonology, morphology, lexicology, syntax, text analysis) helps in the process of anticipation of possible difficulties with the L2 learners.
What are the procedures of contrastive analysis?
A contrastive analysis must proceed through four steps: description, selection, contrast, and prediction. Most analyses are weakened by insufficient care at one or more of these steps, each of which is beset with problems.
What are the major arguments concerning the weak version of the hypothesis?
The weak version claims that linguistic categories and usage can only influence thought and decisions, and do not determine them. In other words, language guides the way we think and perceive reality, but does not have enough power to “drive” them.
How is error analysis different from contrastive analysis?
Error analysis is “a type of linguistic analysis that focuses on the errors learners make” (M. Gass & Selinker, 2008). This analysis is almost the same with the weak version of contrastive analysis which is comparing the errors which made by L2 learners.
What is Interlingual and Intralingual error?
The two major causes of error, coined by the error analysis approach, are the Interlingual error which is an error made by the Learner’s Linguistic background and Native language interference, and the Intralingual error which is the error committed by the learners when they misuse some Target Language rules.
What is the basic difference between the contrastive analysis of mistakes and error analysis?
Contrastive analysis starts with a comparison of systems of two languages and predicts only the areas of difficulty or error for the second language learner, whereas error analysis starts with errors in second language learning and studies them in the broader framework of their sources and significance.
What are the four steps mentioned by Whitman to conduct a contrastive analysis?
A contrastive analysis must proceed through four steps: description, selection, contrast, and prediction.
What is wrong with contrastive analysis hypothesis (CA)?
CA is inadequate to predict the interference problems of a language learner. No uniformity is evident in Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis. CA is unable to account for the failures or the success of the learners.
What are the four steps of contrast analysis?
Contrastive analysis: problems and procedures. A contrastive analysis must proceed through four steps: description, selection, contrast, and prediction. Most analyses are weakened by insufficient care at one or more of these steps, each of which is beset with problems.
What is a contrastive analysis in linguistics?
Contrastive analysis is a systematic study of comparison between two languages: the native language (L1) and the target language (L2). Researchers from the 1940s to the 1960s conducted contrastive analyses, systematically comparing two languages.
What is hierarchy of difficulties in contrastive analysis?
This is known as the Hierarchy of Difficulties. Contrastive Analysis has two aspects-psychological and linguistic. The psychological aspect is based upon the behaviourist theory. Behaviourist theory/ behaviourism is a theory of psychology which states that human and animal behaviour can and should be studied in psychological process only.