What is the first aid for acute abdomen?
In a sick patient the initial steps include rapid IV access and normal saline 20 ml/kg (in the presence of shock/hypovolemia), adequate analgesia, nothing per oral/IV fluids, Ryle’s tube aspiration and surgical consultation.
Why is acute abdomen an emergency?
An acute abdomen is a condition that demands urgent attention and treatment. The acute abdomen may be caused by an infection, inflammation, vascular occlusion, or obstruction. The patient will usually present with sudden onset of abdominal pain with associated nausea or vomiting.
Is acute abdomen an emergency?
An acute abdomen refers to a sudden, severe abdominal pain. It is in many cases a medical emergency, requiring urgent and specific diagnosis. Several causes need immediate surgical treatment.
What is the most common acute surgical emergency of the abdomen?
Appendicitis. Appendicitis is the most common abdominal surgical emergency in the general population and the third most common indication for abdominal surgery in the elderly patient [31],[32].
What are the common treatment given for patients with acute abdominal pain?
A review of the literature of common aetiologies and management of acute abdominal pain in the general adult population and special patient populations seen in the emergency room revealed that intravenous administration of paracetamol, dipyrone or piritramide are currently the analgesics of choice in this clinical …
What are the five complications of acute abdomen?
Common pathologies include appendicitis, bowel obstruction, perforation of hollow viscus and ischemia. The most common complications after acute abdominal surgery are wound infection, intra-abdominal infection, and the association of both.
Which antibiotic is best for abdominal pain?
Generic and Trade Names of Drugs for Treatment of Abdominal Pain
- Fenoverine.
- Hyoscyamine.
- Lansoprazole.
- Levofloxacin.
- Mebeverine.
- Mesalamine(Mesalazine)
- Metronidazole.
- Nitrofurantoin. Nitrofurantoin is an antibiotic, prescribed for urinary tract infections.
What is buscopan injection used for?
Buscopan relieves painful stomach cramps, including those linked with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). It can also help bladder cramps and period pain. Buscopan contains the active ingredient hyoscine butylbromide.
Can hot water relieve gas?
When gas pains strike, place a hot water bottle or heating pad on the stomach. The warmth relaxes the muscles in the gut, helping gas to move through the intestines. Heat can also reduce the sensation of pain.
What are the signs and symptoms of an acute abdomen?
Gastrointestinal causes
- Sudden onset of diffuse abdominal pain.
- Nausea, vomiting.
- Constipation/obstipation.
- Diffuse abdominal guarding, rigidity, and rebound tenderness.
- Absent bowel sounds.
- Loss of liver dullness on RUQ percussion.
Is acute abdominal pain a medical emergency?
Acute abdominal pain can have several causes, all of which are considered medical emergencies and require immediate medical care. Some of these conditions are life-threatening and require emergent surgery; others are still urgent and may progress to life-threatening conditions if left untreated.
What is the approach to the treatment of abdominal pain?
The approach to a patient with an acute abdomen should include a thorough history and physical exam. The location of pain is critical as it may signal a localized process. However, in patients with free air, it may present with diffuse abdominal pain.
Are You at risk for acute abdomen?
People of both genders and all ages are at risk for acute abdomen because it can have such varied causes. Symptoms predominantly include severe abdominal pain. Fever, constipation, bloody stool, rebound tenderness in the abdomen, abdominal rigidity and guarding, bloating, jaundice, colic, and migratory pain may also occur.
How is the prognosis of acute abdominal pain determined?
Because timely evaluation of acute abdominal pain (AAP) may determine prognosis, emergency room physicians must consider several diagnoses and complete patient evaluation after taking into account all available clinical, laboratory and radiologic findings in a timely fashion, in an attempt to reduce morbidity and mortality [1-3].