What is the Frankfort plane and what is its significance?

noun anatomy The anatomical position of the human skull , based on a plane passing through the inferior margin of the left orbit and the upper margin of each ear canal or external auditory meatus.

Why are Frankfort planes horizontal?

The Frankfort plane was employed for orientation of the patient and was chosen as the best anatomic indicator of the true horizontal line. It is also closely related to the natural head position (NHP) (3, 4).

What is the significance of Frankfort?

The Frankfort Horizontal (FH) was originally introduced at an anthropological conference in Frankfurt, Germany in 1884. It was defined as a plane extending from the left Orbitale to both Porion points. The plane was initially used as a craniometric reference plane for classification purposes.

What is a Frankfort horizontal plane?

In profile view, a plane connecting the highest point of the opening of the external auditory canal with the lowest point on the lower margin of the orbit, used to orient a human skull or head so that the plane is horizontal.

What is horizontal plane?

n. A plane crossing the body at right angles to the coronal and sagittal planes. transverse plane.

What is horizontal plane in math?

Horizontal plane (Descriptive Geometry), a plane parallel to the horizon, upon which it is assumed that objects are projected.

What movements occur in the horizontal plane?

Abduction and Adduction movements occur in this plane. Bisects the body from front to back, dividing it into left and right halves. Flexion and Extension movements usually occur in this plane. Divides the body horizontally into Superior and Inferior halves.

What is the Frankfort mandibular plane angle?

The Frankfort-mandibular plane angle (FMA) is formed by the intersection of the Frankfort horizontal plane and the mandibular plane. This angle can be traced and measured by means of a diagnostic overlay. A high-angle patient has an FMA of 30 degrees or more, and a low-angle patient has an FMA of 20 degrees or less.

What is the Frankfort line?

Frankfort horizontal line, Reid’s base line Reconstructive surgery An imaginary line that projects from the median line of the occipital bone and upper rim of the external auditory canal–the auricular point, to the lower rim of the orbit–the infraorbital point; the FHL divides the head into upper and lower halves from …

What are the examples of horizontal plane?

Ceiling of a room is an example of a horizontal plane in our environment. Wall of a room is an example of a vertical plane in our environment.

What is used to identify the horizontal of plane?

Alternatively, a spirit level, which exploits the buoyancy of a bubble, can be used to determine if the plane is horizontal. In general, something that is horizontal can be drawn from left to right (or right to left), such as the x-axis in the Cartesian coordinate system.

What is the Frankfort plane used for?

Beside this, what is the Frankfort plane? : a plane used in craniometry that is determined the highest point on the upper margin of the opening of each external auditory canal and the low point on the lower margin of the left orbit and that is used to orient a human skull or head usually so that the plane is horizontal.

How is the Frankfort horizontal plane measured?

The proper way to measure a Frankfort horizontal plane is with a cephalometric x-ray. It is an x-ray that a dentist often uses to see a complete radiographic image of your profile, which includes the Frankfort horizontal plane. These x-rays are extraoral, so a dentist does not need to insert film or plates into the mouth.

What is the Frankfurt plane of the skull?

In humans, the anatomical position of the skull has been agreed by international convention to be the Frankfurt plane or Frankfort plane, a position in which the lower margins of the orbits, the orbitales, and the upper margins of the ear canals, the poria, all lie in the same horizontal plane. Click to see full answer.

What is the FMA of the Frankfort-mandibular plane?