What is Wilms tumor cancer?

What is Wilms tumor cancer?

Wilms tumor (also called Wilms’ tumor or nephroblastoma) is a type of childhood cancer that starts in the kidneys. It is the most common type of kidney cancer in children. About 9 of 10 kidney cancers in children are Wilms tumors. Cancer starts when cells in the body begin to grow out of control.

What is Wilms tumor PPT?

Definition  Wilm’s Tumor is also known as Nephroblastoma. It is a highly malignant embryonal neoplasm.  It may involve one or both kidney. 3. INCIDENCE AND ETIOLOGY  Usually the tumor is unilateral, but in 5% cases it may be bilateral.

What is the pathophysiology of Wilms tumor?

Wilms tumor is an embryonal cancer of the kidney composed of blastemal, stromal, and epithelial elements. Genetic abnormalities have been implicated in the pathogenesis, but familial inheritance accounts for only 1 to 2% of cases. Diagnosis is by ultrasonography, abdominal CT, or MRI.

What are the common presenting signs of a Wilms tumor?

What are the signs and symptoms of Wilms’ tumor?

• constipation.
• abdominal pain, swelling, or discomfort.
• nausea and vomiting.
• weakness and fatigue.
• loss of appetite.
• fever.
• blood in their urine or discoloration of their urine.
• high blood pressure, which may cause chest pain, shortness of breath, and headaches.

What does Wilms tumor do to the body?

Some affected children have abdominal pain, fever, a low number of red blood cells (anemia ), blood in the urine (hematuria), or high blood pressure (hypertension). Additional signs of Wilms tumor can include loss of appetite, weight loss, nausea, vomiting, and tiredness (lethargy).

What are the risk factors for Wilms tumor?

The only known risk factors for Wilms tumors (age, race, gender, and certain inherited conditions) can’t be changed. There are no known lifestyle-related or environmental causes of Wilms tumors, so at this time there is no way to prevent most of these cancers.

What is the treatment for Wilms tumor?

Treatment for Wilms’ tumor usually involves surgery and chemotherapy, and sometimes radiation therapy. Treatments may vary by the stage of the cancer.

What is nephrogenic rest?

Nephrogenic rests (NR) are abnormally persistent clusters of embryonal cells, representing microscopic malformations (dysplasias) of the developing kidney. Though NR are best known as precursors of Wilms tumor (WT), many alternative fates are observed, and most rests are destined for eventual atresia.

What is the survival rate of Wilms tumor?

The 5-year survival rate for children with a Wilms tumor is 93%. However, the rate varies according to the stage of the disease. Stage I, II, and III tumors with a favorable histology have a 4-year survival rate that ranges from 95% to 100%. The histology of a tumor is how its cells look under a microscope.