Where are conidia produced?
conidium, a type of asexual reproductive spore of fungi (kingdom Fungi) usually produced at the tip or side of hyphae (filaments that make up the body of a typical fungus) or on special spore-producing structures called conidiophores.
What is a pycnidia in biology?
pycnidium, variable and complex flask-shaped asexual reproductive structure, or fruiting body, in fungi (kingdom Fungi) of the phylum Ascomycota; also a male sex-cell-producing organ in the order Uredinales (rust fungi). The spores are liberated through an opening (ostiole) in the pycnidium.
What are pycnidiospores?
a spore formed in the pycnidia of certain imperfect fungi; it results in asexual sporogenesis of mycobiontic fungi of lichens. Pycnidiospores vary in shape and coloration and consist of single or multiple cells. They have longitudinal or transverse membranes; appendages may be present or absent.
What is the difference between a pycnidium and an acervulus?
As nouns the difference between acervulus and pycnidium is that acervulus is calcified concretions near the pineal gland; brain sand while pycnidium is in certain fungi, a flask-shaped cavity from the surface of the inner walls of which spores are produced.
What is conidia production?
Conidia are asexually produced spores that are borne externally to the cells that produce them. The conidia of these fungi not only germinate and produce a new generation, they also function in dispersal and so have physical characteristics suited to the most efficient performance of this role.
What type of spore is produced by the organism on barberry?
Basidiospores infect the alternate hosts such as common barberry. Basidiospores germinate and produce a haploid mycelium which colonizes the leaf tissue. From this mycelium, pycnia are formed inside the leaf but with the tops extending through the surface, usually in the upper surface, of barberry leaves.
What is the function of Sporodochium?
A sporodochium (pl. sporodochia) is a small, compact stroma (mass of hyphae) usually formed on host plants parasitised by mitosporic fungi of the form order Tuberculariales (subdivision Deuteromycota, class Hyphomycetes). This stroma bears the conidiophores on which the asexual spores or conidia are formed.
What is Acervulus fruiting body?
acervulus, an open, saucer-shaped asexual fruiting body found in fungi (kingdom Fungi). Always developed below the epidermis of the host tissue, it bears conidiophores (specialized filaments, or hyphae) that form conidia (spores).
What is the function of conidiophores?
The organism Conidiophores arise at right angles to the hyphae and are believed to be infectious for humans when mycelia are disturbed. When inhaled, the fungus converts to the yeast form, which is multinucleate, containing 8 to 12 nuclei.
What process produces conidia?
Conidia are haploid cells genetically identical to their haploid parent. They are produced by conversion of hyphal elements, or are borne on sporogenous cells on or within specialized structures termed conidiophores, and participate in dispersal of the fungus.
What causes pycnidia to form?
Pycnidia typically form in the spring of the year following infection. Spores contained in pycnidia are transparent at first and later become brown. These are released during wet weather and are spread by rainsplash or wind-driven rain.
What is the structure of a perithecium?
Perithecia often develop separately but in some genera a number of perithecia will develop within a stroma, namely a matrix of fungal hyphae, often pigmented black. Within a perithecium there is a typically spherical chamber, with a hole (or ostiole) in the roof of the chamber and asci and paraphyses on the floor of the chamber.
What are the characteristics of pycnidia in zythia fragariae?
The anamorph of G. comari, Zythia fragariae produces pycnidia that are yellowish brown, soft walled, and ostiolate with no conspicuous neck. The conidia (5-6 x 2 µm) are hyaline, contain two oil droplets, have rounded ends, and are borne on short unbranched conidiophores (Maas, 1998).
What do we know about pycnidia and pycnospores?
The structure of pycnidia, their position in the thallus, and the size and shape of pycnospores, has been used since Nylander as a very important character frequently used to delimit genera. Unfortunately, very little has been published on these organs since the basic investigation by Glück (1899) and the improved system proposed by Steiner (1901).