Which rock is formed when magma solidifies?
Igneous rocks
Igneous rocks form when magma (molten rock) cools and crystallizes, either at volcanoes on the surface of the Earth or while the melted rock is still inside the crust.
What is an igneous rock formed by intrusive magma?
Intrusive, or plutonic, igneous rock forms when magma is trapped deep inside the Earth. Intrusive rocks have a coarse grained texture. Extrusive Igneous Rocks: Extrusive, or volcanic, igneous rock is produced when magma exits and cools above (or very near) the Earth’s surface.
Where does an intrusive igneous rock form?
Intrusive Igneous Rock Intrusive, or plutonic, igneous rock forms when magma remains inside the Earth’s crust where it cools and solidifies in chambers within pre-existing rock. The magma cools very slowly over many thousands or millions of years until is solidifies.
When magma solidifies below the surface of the earth what possible igneous rock made form?
Intrusive, or plutonic, igneous rocks form when magma cools slowly below the Earth’s surface. Most intrusive rocks have large, well-formed crystals. Examples include granite, gabbro, and diorite.
What is the texture of an igneous rock formed from magma?
Magmas that erupt as lava onto the earth’s surface cool and solidify rapidly. Rapid cooling results in an aphanitic igneous texture, in which few or none of the individual minerals are big enough to see with the naked eye. This is sometimes referred to as a fine-grained igneous texture.
What are the intrusive igneous rocks?
Intrusive igneous rocks crystallize below Earth’s surface, and the slow cooling that occurs there allows large crystals to form. Examples of intrusive igneous rocks are: diabase, diorite, gabbro, granite, pegmatite, and peridotite. Dacite is a fine-grained, extrusive igneous rock that is usually light in color.
What textures can be used to describe igneous intrusive rocks?
Igneous rocks may be simply classified according to their chemical/mineral composition as felsic, intermediate, mafic, and ultramafic, and by texture or grain size: intrusive rocks are course grained (all crystals are visible to the naked eye) while extrusive rocks may be fine-grained (microscopic crystals) or glass ( …
What textures are possible in intrusive rocks?
Intrusive igneous rocks will have either phaneritic, porphyritic, or pegmatitic textures.
What is the texture of an intrusive igneous rock?
If magma cools slowly, deep within the crust, the resulting rock is called intrusive or plutonic. The slow cooling process allows crystals to grow large, giving the intrusive igneous rock a coarse-grained or phaneritic texture. The individual crystals in phaneritic texture are readily visible to the unaided eye.
What are the 3 types of intrusive rock?
Three common types of intrusion are sills, dykes, and batholiths (see image below).
How are intrusive igneous rocks formed from magma?
When magma cools and solidifies in these spaces, Intrusive or plutonic igneous rocks are formed deep beneath the Earth’s surface. Intrusive features like stocks, laccoliths, sills, and dikes are formed. If the conduits are emptied after an eruption, they can collapse in the formation of a caldera, or remain as lava tubes and caves.
What is the difference between intrusive and extrusive forms?
Related forms. Intrusions are one of the two ways igneous rock can form; the other is extrusive rock, that is, a volcanic eruption or similar event. Technically speaking, an intrusion is any formation of intrusive igneous rock; rock formed from magma that cools and solidifies within the crust of the planet.
What are the two main categories of igneous rocks?
The two main categories of igneous rocks are extrusive and intrusive. Extrusive rocks are formed on the surface of the Earth from lava, which is magma that has emerged from underground. Intrusive rocks are formed from magma that cools and solidifies within the crust of the planet.
What is intrusive rock and plutonic rock?
Intrusive rock is formed when magma penetrates existing rock, crystallizes and solidifies underground to form intrusions, for example plutons, batholiths, dikes, sills, laccoliths, and volcanic necks. Some geologists use the term plutonic rock synomymously with intrusive rock but other geologists subdivide intrusive rock,…