Who is best known as a composer of 12-tone row music?
composer Arnold Schoenberg
The Austrian-born composer Arnold Schoenberg is credited with the invention of this technique, although other composers (e.g., the American composer Charles Ives and the Austrian Josef Hauer) anticipated Schoenberg’s invention by writing music that in a few respects was similar technically to his 12-tone music.
Who are the major composers and what style of music did they write with the 12 tones?
Twelve-tone technique—also known as dodecaphony, twelve-tone serialism, and (in British usage) twelve-note composition—is a method of musical composition devised by Austrian composer Arnold Schoenberg (1874–1951).
Who invented the 12-tone system?
Schoenberg
Schoenberg began to work on the 12-tone System (or “Method of Composing with 12 Notes”) during the years of World War I. He wrote his first compositions using this method during the early 1920’s.
What is the 12-tone row?
The all-interval twelve-tone row is a tone row arranged so that it contains one instance of each interval within the octave, 0 through 11. The “total chromatic” (or “aggregate”) is the set of all twelve pitch classes. An “array” is a succession of aggregates. The term is also used to refer to lattices.
What is the 12-tone theory and techniques?
The technique is a means of ensuring that all 12 notes of the chromatic scale are sounded as often as one another in a piece of music while preventing the emphasis of any one note through the use of tone rows, orderings of the 12 pitch classes.
What are the principles of 12-tone composition?
The basic premises of twelve-tone music are as follows: All twelve notes of the chromatic scale must occur. No note can be repeated in the series until the other 11 notes of the chromatic scale have occurred (exceptions include direct repetition of a note, trills, and tremolos)
What is a 12-tone Matrix?
One tool analysts create to analyze a twelve-tone composition is a twelve-tone matrix, which shows all 48 row forms in a 12-by-12 grid. One would continue with each transposition of the prime form until the matrix is complete.
What is the 12 tone theory and techniques?
What are the principles of 12 tone composition?