Why is DNA adducts bad?
If not repaired, the DNA adducts can interfere with DNA transcription and replication, and induce mutations. The ability of DNA adducts to induce mutations by site-specific mutagenesis in vitro or as observed in cell studies have revealed different mutational spectra for different types of DNA adducts.
What is Bpde DNA adduct?
Description. BPDE (benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide) is a carcinogenic metabolite of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) which forms adducts with DNA and proteins and is hydrolysed to BPDE tetrols. It is used as a marker for BaP exposure (a surrogate marker for PAHs).
How do adducts form?
An adduct (from the Latin adductus, “drawn toward” alternatively, a contraction of “addition product”) is a product of a direct addition of two or more distinct molecules, resulting in a single reaction product containing all atoms of all components. Adducts often form between Lewis acids and Lewis bases.
What are DNA adducts Labster?
DNA adducts are chemical modifications of DNA. The DNA is constantly being damaged. The body has systems in place which can repair damaged DNA or induce the death of cells with high levels of DNA damage.
What are protein adducts?
Protein adducts are covalent. modifications resulting from reactions between electrophiles and nucleophilic sites in proteins, such as. the N-terminus or the amino acid side chains containing sulfhydryl or amine functionalities.
What is platinum DNA adducts?
The platinum-based drug cisplatin is a widely used first-line therapy for several cancers. Cisplatin interacts with DNA mainly in the form of Pt-d(GpG) di-adduct, which stalls cell proliferation and activates DNA damage response.
What are DNA adducts what gives rise to them and how?
DNA adducts are a form of DNA damage caused by covalent attachment of a chemical moiety to DNA. Adducts that are not removed by the cell can cause mutations that may give rise to cancer. They are frequently used as biomarkers for chemical hazard exposure or cancer therapy efficacy.