How do I remember the branches of my ophthalmic artery?

A useful mnemonic to remember the branches of the ophthalmic artery is: DR MCLESSI Mnemonic D: dorsal nasal artery R: (central) retinal artery M: muscular artery C: ciliary arteries (long, short and anterior) L: lacrimal artery E: ethmoidal arteries (anterior and posterior) S: supraorbi…

What is the ophthalmic artery?

The ophthalmic artery is a branch of the internal carotid artery that supplies the orbit and adjacent structures. The ophthalmic artery mainly runs through the orbital cavity, coursing along its medial wall anteriorly and nasally towards the anterior surface of the eye.

What is the origin of the ophthalmic artery?

Origin. The ophthalmic artery arises medial to the anterior clinoid process as the ICA exits the cavernous sinus. It originates from the antero- or supero-medial surface of the ICA.

What is ophthalmic artery aneurysm?

loss. Carotid-ophthalmic artery aneurysms are a rare but serious cause of visual loss, resulting from direct compression of the optic nerve or chiasm. These aneurysms may mimic other causes of optic atrophy such as glaucoma. The coexistence of two causes of optic atrophy may lead to difficulties in diagnosis.

Is ophthalmic artery an end artery?

Posterior ciliary arteries The PCAs arise directly from the OA and are end arteries which is to say no PCA or any of its branches anastomose with any other artery.

Where is the ocular nerve?

Made of nerve cells, the optic nerve is located in the back of the eye. Also known as the second cranial nerve or cranial nerve II, it is the second of several pairs of cranial nerves.

How many ophthalmic arteries are there?

When there are two ophthalmic arteries, one passing through the optic canal and one through the superior orbital fissure either may be dominant.

What causes an aneurysm in the eye?

Numerous systemic diseases such as carotid atherosclerosis, cardiac diseases, coagulopathies, tumors, and systemic vasculitis are notorious for close associations with CRAO. Small emboli from these diseases are believed to occlude the central retinal artery [2].

What does a carotid artery aneurysm feel like?

Neck pain, a pulsatile mass and murmur at auscultation are the most common symptoms. ECCAs may exhibit severe clinical manifestations due to complications. Cases of rupture can be fatal. There is a risk of distal embolization and stroke in thrombosed cases.

Where are the eye arteries?

The long posterior ciliary arteries (usually two) pierce the sclera near the posterior pole, then travel anteriorly between the sclera and choroid to also join the major arterial circle of the iris. The major arterial circle of the iris gives off branches to the iris and ciliary body.

What are the signs of optic nerve damage?

Eye and vision symptoms of optic nerve damage

Abnormal pupil size and nonreactivity to light.
Bulging of the eyes.
Complete or partial loss of vision.
Diminished ability to see fine details.
Diminished color vision or colors seem faded.
Dimming or blurring of vision.
Double vision.
Eye redness.

What are the symptoms of optic nerve damage?

Symptoms

Pain. Most people who develop optic neuritis have eye pain that’s worsened by eye movement.
Vision loss in one eye. Most people have at least some temporary reduction in vision, but the extent of loss varies.
Visual field loss.
Loss of color vision.
Flashing lights.

What does an MRI of the left ophthalmic artery show?

High-resolution postcontrast T1-weighted MRI shows an enhancement and a thickening (white arrow) of the left ophthalmic artery wall. The right ophthalmic artery is normal (black arrow). but direct observation of an arteritis is unusual.

The ophthalmic artery is a branch off the C6 segment of the internal carotid artery (ICA). The ophthalmic artery arises medial to the anterior clinoid process as the ICA exits the cavernous sinus.

Can ophthalmic artery aneurysm be the cause of central retinal artery occlusion?

This case suggests that ophthalmic artery aneurysm can be the cause of CRAO and should be included in the differential diagnosis of CRAO. Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is one of the most devastating ophthalmic emergencies, causing acute painless visual loss in the affected eye.

Which findings on postcontrast T1-weighted MRI suggest arteritis?