What does neoadjuvant therapy mean in medical terms?
(NEE-oh-A-joo-vant THAYR-uh-pee) Treatment given as a first step to shrink a tumor before the main treatment, which is usually surgery, is given. Examples of neoadjuvant therapy include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and hormone therapy.
What is neoadjuvant chemotherapy?
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is delivered before surgery with the goal of shrinking a tumor or stopping the spread of cancer to make surgery less invasive and more effective. Adjuvant chemotherapy is administered after surgery to kill any remaining cancer cells with the goal of reducing the chances of recurrence.
What is adjuvant chemoradiotherapy?
Additional cancer treatment given after the primary treatment to lower the risk that the cancer will come back. Adjuvant therapy may include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, targeted therapy, or biological therapy.
What is neoadjuvant immunotherapy?
Neoadjuvant immunotherapy is an evolving strategy in oncology that consists of administering an ICI, either anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD1), its ligand (PD-L1), anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) monoclonal antibodies, or in combination before surgical resection (Figure 1) (2).
How is neoadjuvant chemotherapy given?
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is administered in cycles, with each cycle consisting of a treatment period followed by a resting phase. Chemotherapy agents are given orally or intravenously in cycles spanning between 3 to 6 months.
What is adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapy?
Neoadjuvant therapies are delivered before the main treatment, to help reduce the size of a tumor or kill cancer cells that have spread. Adjuvant therapies are delivered after the primary treatment, to destroy remaining cancer cells.
What is combination chemotherapy?
Combination chemotherapy is the use of more than one medication at a time to treat cancer. Since chemotherapy drugs affect cancer cells at different points in the cell cycle, using a combination of drugs increases the chance that all of the cancer cells will be eliminated.
When is neoadjuvant chemotherapy used?
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is now commonly used for earlier, operable breast cancer patients. Currently, neoadjuvant chemotherapy is used for locally advanced breast cancer, inflammatory breast cancer, and downstaging of large tumors to allow for breast conservation therapy.
How is neoadjuvant chemotherapy administered?
What is the main benefit of neoadjuvant therapy?
The advantages of neoadjuvant chemotherapy are 1) overall survival and recurrence-free survival rate are the same as post-operative chemotherapy, 2) serves as an in vivo sensitivity test, 3) increases the rate of breast conserving therapy, 4) facilitates the study of cancer biology.
What is the difference between neoadjuvant and induction chemotherapy?
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy – Chemotherapy given prior to the surgical procedure. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy may be given to attempt to shrink the cancer so that the surgical procedure may not need to be as extensive. Induction chemotherapy – Chemotherapy given to induce a remission.
What are the side effects of neoadjuvant therapy?
What are the risks of neoadjuvant chemotherapy treatments? NACT treatment presents the same risks as the primary treatment. These side effects can be short term or late, meaning they can appear months after treatment has ceased. Side effects include nausea, loss of appetite, fever, bruising and pain.
What is the abbreviation for neoadjuvant chemotherapy?
NAC as abbreviation means “Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy”. What is shorthand of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy? The most common shorthand of “Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy” is NAC. You can also look at abbreviations and acronyms with word NAC in term.
What is definitive chemoradiation therapy?
Chemoradiotherapy, also known as chemoradiation, is a treatment combining the use of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. It is usually prescribed for patients diagnosed with cancer to stop the growth of cancer cells, prevent its spread and avoid its recurrence.
Is neoadjuvant chemo justified in ovarian cancer?
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is increasingly used in advanced ovarian cancer, even though it has not been shown to improve survival versus primary cytoreduction, according to Thomas J. Herzog, MD, clinical director of the University of Cincinnati Cancer Institute. “There’s growing use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
What does chemoradiation mean?
What does chemoradiation mean? (medicine) A combination of chemotherapy and radiation. (noun)