What is a water soluble substance?
The definition of water-soluble is can be dissolved in water. An example of a water-soluble substance is salt. adjective. Dissolving easily in water.
What are water soluble molecules called?
A hydrophile is a molecule or other molecular entity that is attracted to water molecules and tends to be dissolved by water. In contrast, hydrophobes are not attracted to water and may seem to be repelled by it.
What is the relationship between solubility and partition coefficient?
The greater the solubility of a substance, the higher its partition coefficient, and the higher the partition coefficient, the higher the permeability of the membrane to that particular substance.
What is logP in chemistry?
Lipophilicity. The most commonly used measure of lipophilicity is LogP, this is the partition coefficient of a molecule between an aqueous and lipophilic phases, usually octanol and water.
What do you mean by soluble substances?
A substance that is soluble will dissolve in a liquid. If something is water-soluble or fat-soluble, it will dissolve in water or in fat. The red dye on the leather is water-soluble.
What does water insoluble mean?
incapable of being dissolved
a : incapable of being dissolved in a liquid and especially water also : soluble only with difficulty or to a slight degree. b : having or admitting of no solution or explanation an insoluble problem.
What does it mean to be water soluble biology?
A vitamin that can dissolve in water. Vitamins are nutrients that the body needs in small amounts to stay healthy and work the way it should. Water-soluble vitamins are carried to the body’s tissues but are not stored in the body.
What are soluble molecules?
Two substances whose molecules have very similar structures and consequently similar intermolecular forces will usually be soluble in each other. In general, polar substances will dissolve other polar substances, while nonpolar materials will dissolve other nonpolar materials.
What is partition coefficient how they effect on drug action?
Most commonly, one of the solvents is water, while the second is hydrophobic, such as 1-octanol. Hence the partition coefficient measures how hydrophilic (“water-loving”) or hydrophobic (“water-fearing”) a chemical substance is. Partition coefficients are useful in estimating the distribution of drugs within the body.
How does partition coefficient affect solubility of drug?
A partition coefficient is simply the ratio of the concentration of anesthetic in one phase or solvent compared to another. The greater the blood:gas partition coefficient, the greater the solubility in blood.
What is the difference between logP and logD?
LogP is widely used in cheminformatics and is a component of the Lipinski’s “rule of five”, that is a golden standard to evaluate a drug-likeness of a compound. LogD is a distribution coefficient widely used to measure the lipophilicity of ionizable compounds, where the partition is a function of the pH.
What does the term lipophilic mean?
Definition of lipophilic : having an affinity for lipids (such as fats) a lipophilic metabolite.
Why is water called the universal solvent?
Thanks to its ability to dissolve a wide range of solutes, water is sometimes called the “universal solvent.”. However, this name isn’t entirely accurate, since there are some substances (such as oils) that don’t dissolve well in water. Generally speaking, water is good at dissolving ions and polar molecules, but poor at dissolving nonpolar
Why is water a good solvent for living things?
Water has many properties that are critical to maintaining life. It is polar, allowing for the formation of hydrogen bonds, which allow ions and other polar molecules to dissolve in water. Therefore, water is an excellent solvent. The hydrogen bonds between water molecules give water the ability to hold heat better than many other substances.
Is water good at dissolving polar and nonpolar molecules?
However, this name isn’t entirely accurate, since there are some substances (such as oils) that don’t dissolve well in water. Generally speaking, water is good at dissolving ions and polar molecules, but poor at dissolving nonpolar molecules.
Does water attract other molecules to form hydrogen bonds?
Water also attracts other polar molecules (such as sugars), forming hydrogen bonds. When a substance readily forms hydrogen bonds with water, it can dissolve in water and is referred to as hydrophilic (“water-loving”).