What is amantadine and rimantadine?

What is amantadine and rimantadine?

Amantadine and rimantadine are antiviral drugs. The review of trials found that both drugs are similarly helpful in relieving the symptoms of influenza A in adults, but only when there is a high probability that the cause of the flu is influenza A (a known epidemic, for example).

Which disease can be treated with oseltamivir and zanamivir?

Generic oseltamivir and Tamiflu® are available as a pill or liquid suspension and are FDA approved for early treatment of flu in people 14 days and older. Zanamivir is a powder that is inhaled and approved for early treatment of flu in people 7 years and older.

How does oseltamivir and zanamivir work?

The NAI drugs, zanamivir and oseltamivir, bind to the active site on the viral neuraminidase, blocking its activity. Thus, virus particles cannot exit the cells as easily, and they tend to clump and not disperse. This impedes their ability to infect more cells and attenuates the patient’s infection.

How do the antiviral drugs amantadine and rimantadine work?

Amantadine and rimantadine are cyclic amines used in the treatment of influenza virus infection. The mechanism of action of these drugs involves inhibiting the uncoating of viral RNA in infected cells and thus effectively preventing viral replication.

What is Zanamivir used for?

Zanamivir belongs to the family of medicines called antivirals, which are used to treat infections caused by viruses. Zanamivir is used in the treatment of the infection caused by the flu virus (influenza A and influenza B). This medicine may also be used to prevent and treat swine influenza A.

What type of drug is rimantadine?

Rimantadine, a cyclic amine, is a synthetic antiviral drug and a derivate of adamantane, like a similar drug amantadine. Rimantadine is inhibitory to the in vitro replication of influenza A virus isolates from each of the three antigenic subtypes (H1N1, H2H2 and H3N2) that have been isolated from man.

What are the side effects of oseltamivir?

Side Effects

• Abdominal or stomach cramps or tenderness.
• arm, back, or jaw pain.
• bloating.
• chest pain or discomfort.
• diarrhea, watery and severe, which may also be bloody.
• drooling.
• facial swelling.
• fast or irregular heartbeat.

What is oseltamivir phosphate used for?

Tamiflu (oseltamivir phosphate) is an oral anti-viral drug approved for the treatment of acute, uncomplicated influenza in patients 2 weeks of age and older whose flu symptoms have not lasted more than two days.

What is oseltamivir phosphate used to treat?

Oseltamivir is used to treat flu symptoms caused by influenza virus in people who have had symptoms for less than 2 days. Oseltamivir may also be given to prevent influenza in people who may be exposed but do not yet have symptoms. Oseltamivir will not treat the common cold.

When do you give oseltamivir?

Take this medication as soon as flu symptoms appear or as soon as possible after you have been exposed to the flu. Oseltamivir works best if you start taking it within 2 days of either of these events. If you have the flu, take oseltamivir as directed by your doctor, usually twice a day for 5 days.

Who should not take zanamivir?

You should not use this medicine if you are allergic to zanamivir or to lactose (milk sugar). Do not use zanamivir to treat flu symptoms in a child younger than 7 years old. Children as young as 5 years old may use zanamivir to prevent flu symptoms.

Is rimantadine effective for the treatment of influenza A virus?

Therefore, amantadine and rimantadine are not recommended for antiviral treatment or chemoprophylaxis of currently circulating influenza A viruses. Antiviral resistance and reduced susceptibility to the neuraminidase inhibitors and to baloxavir among circulating influenza viruses is currently very low, but this can change.

What is the difference between rimantadine and amantadin?

Amantadine was approved in 1976 for treatment and prophylaxis of influenza type A infection in adults and children aged greater than or equal to 1 year. Rimantadine was approved in 1993 for treatment and prophylaxis of influenza type A infection in adults.

How does amantadine work to treat influenza A?

After influenza A viruses enter cells, these drugs inhibit the uncoating of influenza A viruses by blocking the ion-channel activity of the viral M2 protein (5-10). Amantadine was approved in 1976 for treatment and prophylaxis of influenza type A infection in adults and children aged greater than or equal to 1 year.

Is oseltamivir approved for prophylaxis?

Oseltamivir is approved for treatment of uncomplicated illness caused by influenza infection in adults aged greater than or equal to 18 years who have been symptomatic for no more than 2 days. Neither zanamivir nor oseltamivir is approved for influenza prophylaxis.