What is an uncal herniation?
Uncal herniation occurs when rising intracranial pressure causes portions of the brain to move from one intracranial compartment to another. It is a life-threatening neurological emergency and indicates the failure of all adaptive mechanisms for intracranial compliance.
Where is the uncal herniation?
Uncal herniation is the most common cerebral herniation syndrome. The uncus is located in the inferior, medial aspect of the temporal lobe. This structure, and the adjacent parahippocampal gyrus, can herniate through the tentorial notch.
Is Transtentorial herniation the same as uncal herniation?
Uncal herniation is a subtype of transtentorial downward brain herniation that involves the uncus, usually related to cerebral mass effect increasing the intracranial pressure.
What is the medical term for herniation of the brain?
A brain herniation, sometimes described as a cerebral herniation, occurs when brain tissue, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shift from their normal position inside the skull.
What is Transtentorial uncal herniation?
What does herniation of the brain mean?
Brain herniation occurs when something inside the skull produces pressure that moves brain tissues. This is most often the result of brain swelling or bleeding from a head injury, stroke, or brain tumor. Brain herniation can be a side effect of tumors in the brain, including: Metastatic brain tumor.
When does Transtentorial herniation occur?
Upward transtentorial herniation can occur when an infratentorial mass (eg, tumor in the posterior fossa, cerebellar hemorrhage) compresses the brain stem, kinking it and causing patchy brain stem ischemia. The posterior 3rd ventricle becomes compressed.
What are the types of brain herniation?
Brain herniation is classified as follows:
- Subfalcine herniation.
- Transalar (transsphenoidal) herniation.
- Transtentorial uncal herniation.
- Central (trans-tentorial) herniation (descending and ascending)
- Cerebellar tonsillar herniation.
- Transcalvarial herniation.
What are the types of herniation?
What causes herniation?
Disk herniation is most often the result of a gradual, aging-related wear and tear called disk degeneration. As you age, your disks become less flexible and more prone to tearing or rupturing with even a minor strain or twist. Most people can’t pinpoint the cause of their herniated disk.
What causes Transtentorial herniation?
What is the importance of Transtentorial herniation?
A transtentorial herniation is the movement of brain tissue from one intracranial compartment to another. This includes uncal, central, and upward herniation. These are life-threatening and time-critical pathologies that may be reversible with emergent surgical intervention and medical management.