What is cyclic and non-cyclic photosynthesis?
Cyclic photophosphorylation happens only in the photosystem I but non-cyclic photophosphorylation occurs in both the photosystems I and II. In the cyclic photophosphorylation, only ATP is produced, whereas, in the non-cyclic photophosphorylation both NADPH and ATP are produced.
What is non-cyclic photosynthesis?
In a process called non-cyclic photophosphorylation (the “standard” form of the light-dependent reactions), electrons are removed from water and passed through PSII and PSI before ending up in NADPH. This process requires light to be absorbed twice, once in each photosystem, and it makes ATP .
How many ATP and NADPH are produced in non-cyclic photophosphorylation?
In non-cyclic photophosphorylation 1 ATP and 2 NADPH2 molecules are produced. In cyclic photophosphorylation 2 ATP molecules are produced.
What is Z scheme?
The Z-scheme is an energy diagram for electron transfer in the “light reactions” of plant photosynthesis. It applies equally well to photosynthesis by algae and cyanobacteria. The vertical energy scale shows each molecule’s ability to transfer an electron to (i.e., to reduce) the next one from left to right.
What is Chemiosmosis in photosynthesis?
Chemiosmosis is the movement of ions across a semipermeable membrane bound structure, down their electrochemical gradient. An example of this would be the formation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by the movement of hydrogen ions (H+) across a membrane during cellular respiration or photosynthesis.
What are the 2 steps of photosynthesis?
Within the chloroplasts of a plant cell, photosynthesis occurs in two main phases: the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.
How many NADPH2 are produced in non-cyclic photophosphorylation?
2 NADPH2 molecules
Non-cyclic photophosphorylation produces 1 ATP and 2 NADPH2 molecules.
How many ATP are produced in Calvin cycle?
In summary, it takes six turns of the Calvin cycle to fix six carbon atoms from CO2. These six turns require energy input from 12 ATP molecules and 12 NADPH molecules in the reduction step and 6 ATP molecules in the regeneration step.
How do ATP and NADPH differ from ADP and NADP?
The key difference between ATP and NADPH is that the ATP is the energy currency of many of the living organisms while the NADPH is the typical coenzyme used for the reduction reactions of anabolic processes seen in plants. On the other hand, NADPH works as an electron carrier in plants during the photosynthesis.
How are ATP ADP NADP+ and NADPH cycled in photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis converts these energy- depleted compounds (ADP and NADP+) back to the high energy forms (ATP and NADPH) and the energy thus produced in this chemical form is utilized to drive the chemical reactions necessary for synthesis of sugars and other carbon containing compounds (e.g., proteins, fats).