What is heparin induced thrombocytopenia?
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a clinicopathological syndrome that occurs when heparin dependent IgG antibodies bind to heparin/platelet factor 4 complexes to activate platelets and produce a hypercoagulable state.
What is a platelet nadir?
When discussing chemotherapy side effects often you will hear the word nadir, mainly in reference to the blood counts, particularly white blood cell count and platelet count. Nadir basically means low point, however further explanation may clarify this term in connection with chemotherapy treatment.
What medications can cause thrombocytopenia?
Some prescribed medications can also cause thrombocytopenia, including:
- amiodarone.
- ampicillin and other antibiotics.
- cimetidine.
- piperacillin.
- seizure medications, such as carbamazepine.
- sulfonamides, such as trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
- vancomycin.
What do you give for HIT?
A direct thrombin inhibitor, such as lepirudin, danaparoid or argatroban, is considered the agent of choice for treatment of HIT. Warfarin should not be used until the platelet count has recovered.
What is the 4T score for hit?
The ‘4T’ scoring system is widely used to predict the risk that an individual with Thrombocytopenia may have HIT. The 4Ts in the 4T score are: – Thrombocytopaenia. – Timing. – Thrombosis.
What does ‘4 t’s’ mean?
The ‘4 T’s’ score was developed and tested in two clinical settings (Hamilton, Canada and Greifswald, Germany) by Lo GK et al. Evaluation of pretest clinical score (4 T’s) for the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in two clinical settings.
What is the 4T scoring system for thrombocytopenia?
The ‘4T’ scoring system is widely used to predict the risk that an individual with Thrombocytopenia may have HIT. – Other causes of Thrombocytopaenia are not evident.
What is an intermediate and high probability 4Ts score?
The positive predictive value of an intermediate and high probability 4Ts score was 0.14 (0.09-0.22) and 0.64 (0.40-0.82), respectively. A low probability 4Ts score appears to be a robust means of excluding HIT. Patients with intermediate and high probability scores require further evaluation.