What is market based refinery?
Market based refineries near the ports can process the crude oil, and export its byproducts to other nations. Example, Reliance complex in Jamnagar or Abadan port complex in Iran. [Examples lifted from NCERT.] Thus they help earning foreign exchange and controlling the current account deficit.
What industry is refinery?
An oil refinery is a facility that takes crude oil and distills it into various useful petroleum products such as gasoline, kerosene or jet fuel. Refining is classified as a downstream operation of the oil and gas industry, although many integrated oil companies will operate both extraction and refining services.
What are the 3 steps of the refinery process?
Three major types of operation are performed to refine the oil into finished products: separation, conversion and treating.
What are the four main products of oil refineries?
Oil refining is an essential process for transforming crude oil into marketable products such as fuels, lubricants, and kerosene. A typical oil-refining process consists of several processing units such as distillation, cracking, coking, reforming, and posttreatment and refining of the products.
What is the purpose of a refinery?
Petroleum refineries change crude oil into petroleum products for use as fuels for transportation, heating, paving roads, and generating electricity and as feedstocks for making chemicals. Refining breaks crude oil down into its various components, which are then selectively reconfigured into new products.
What types of refineries are there?
There are four types of refineries – topping, hydro-skimming, conversion, and deep conversion refineries. Depending on the market a refiner is aiming at, each refinery has its unique design to ensure their production conforms to their host country’s set standards.
What do oil refineries produce?
Refineries can produce high-value products such as gasoline, diesel fuel, and jet fuel from light crude oil with simple distillation. When refineries use simple distillation on denser (heavier) crude oils (with lower API gravity), they produce low-value products.
What are the stages of oil refining?
But before the resource can be sold as a finished product, it needs to undergo three major stages of refining: separation, conversion and treating.
How do refineries work?
Refining turns crude oil into usable products. The crude petroleum is heated and the hot gases are passed into the bottom of a distillation column. The liquids are then drawn off the distilling column at specific heights to obtain fuels like gasoline, jet fuel and diesel fuel.