What is ocular malingering?
MALINGERING is the conscious pre- tense. of false physical, physiologic, or psychologic condition; one of the more common types is the ocular malingerer. Positive malingering is feigning a condition worse than the true condition; negative malingering is feigning a condition better than the true condition.
What does functional blindness mean?
A person is functionally blind when he or she has to use so many alternative techniques to perform tasks that are ordinarily performed with sight that his/her pattern of daily living is substantially altered.
What is non organic vision loss?
Non-organic visual loss (NOVL) is defined as a disturbance in any aspect of vision with exam findings that do not support an underlying organic etiology. This phenomenon has also been previously referred to by many terms, including “hysterical,” “functional,” “factitious,” “fictitious,” or “psychogenic” visual loss.
What is positive Waddell signs?
The test is positive when the patient reports pain on formal SLR examination such as on supine and the pain markedly decrease on performing the distracted SLR when the examiner extends the knee with the patient sitting.
What is the Rey 15 Item Test?
The Rey 15 Item Test is highly specific but insensitive measure of feigned memory impairment or effort. The research supports limiting the use of this test to persons who have sustained mild to moderate TBI. Persons with known memory impairment, MR, and very low IQ perform poorly on FIT.
What does 20 70 mean when performing a vision test?
The ratio measurement of vision describes visual acuity, or the sharpness of vision, at 20 feet from an object. For example, having 20/70 vision means that you must be at 20 feet to see what a person with normal vision can see at 70 feet.
How do you test for functional blindness?
For this test, the examiner places the patient’s hand in some position in front of him and asks the patient to look at the fingers of his hand (Miller, 1973). The blind will look at the fingers readily, in the absence of corporeal agnosia (Duke-Elder & Abrams, 1970; Fish, 1988).
How do you know if you have functional vision loss?
Vertical prism dissociation test: A 4-prism diopter lens is placed base-down in front of the good/unaffected eye. A 20/20 or larger size Snellen is projected. If the patient is able to see two letters of equal clarity, it establishes good vision in the affected eye.
What is a positive SLR?
A positive straight leg raising test (also known as Lasegue sign) results from gluteal or leg pain by passive straight leg flexion with the knee in extension, and it may correlate with nerve root irritation and possible entrapment with decreased nerve excursion.
What is the Waddle test?
The purpose of the Waddell test is to identify patients with low back pain who may require a more detailed psychological assessment; not to identify exaggerators. Factors such as the patient’s anxiety and the examiners bias can also lead to skewed Waddell results.