What is somatic cell fusion?
Somatic fusion, also called protoplast fusion, is a type of genetic modification in plants by which two distinct species of plants are fused together to form a new hybrid plant with the characteristics of both, a somatic hybrid.
What is a somatic cell simple definition?
A somatic cell is any cell of the body except sperm and egg cells. Somatic cells are diploid, meaning that they contain two sets of chromosomes, one inherited from each parent.
What is somatic cell fusion in animals?
Somatic cell fusion or Hybrid cells can be produced by fusing different types of somatic cells from two different tissues or species in a cell culture media. That is a single hybrid cell will have two nuclei, one from each of the fused cells. After some time, the two different nuclei fuse to form a single nucleus.
What is somatic cell hybrid?
Somatic cell hybrids are culture lines that contain the entire complement of the mouse genome and a few human chromosomes. These culture lines are developed by mixing human and mouse cells in the presence of the Sendai virus. The virus facilitates the fusing of the two cell types to form a hybrid cell.
What is fusion in zoology?
In ethology, a fission–fusion society is one in which the size and composition of the social group change as time passes and animals move throughout the environment; animals merge into a group (fusion)—e.g. sleeping in one place—or split (fission)—e.g. foraging in small groups during the day.
What is the purpose of protoplast fusion?
Protoplast fusion is a novel tool for transferring genes for a desired quality and quantity of production. In this technology, two different genetically originated protoplasts from different somatic cells are fused in order to obtain parasexual hybrid protoplasts.
What is somatic cell Class 10?
Somatic cells account for all the cells of the body except reproductive cells. Other than gametes, stem cells and germs cells, all the cells of a multicellular organism are known as somatic cells. Diploid somatic cells undergo mitosis and are responsible for growth, repair and regeneration.
What is somatic hybridization give an example?
Answer: The process of fusion of protoplast of somatic cells derived from different varieties and or species of plants on a suitable nutrient medium to produce the somatic hybrids is called somatic hybridization. For example pomato is the somatic hybrid obtained by the protoplast fusion of tomato and potato.
What is somatic hybridization and its application?
Somatic hybridization broadly involves in vitro fusion of isolated protoplasts to form a hybrid cell and its subsequent development to form a hybrid plant. Plant protoplasts are of immense utility in somatic plant cell genetic manipulations and improvement of crops.
Can cells fuse together?
Cell fusion is an important cellular process in which several uninucleate cells (cells with a single nucleus) combine to form a multinucleate cell, known as a syncytium. Cell fusion is a necessary event in the maturation of cells so that they maintain their specific functions throughout growth.
What does fusion mean?
Fusion may refer to the phase transition from a solid to a light via melting. The reason the process is called fusion is because the heat of fusion is the energy required for a solid to become a liquid at that substance’s melting point.
What is somatic cell fusion or hybrid cells?
Somatic cell fusion or Hybrid cells can be produced by fusing different types of somatic cells from two different tissues or species in a cell culture media. Usually human somatic cells like fibrocyte or leucocyte are fused with continuous cell lines of mouse… Introduction:
What is the medical definition of somatic cells?
Medical Definition of somatic cell. : any of the cells of the body that compose the tissues, organs, and parts of that individual other than the germ cells.
How to increase the somatic cell fusion by 100 times?
Therefore by adding ultraviolet inactivated Sendai (parainfluenza) virus or chemical compound known as polyethylene glycol (PEG) increases the somatic cell fusion by 100 to 1000 times. Polyethylene glycol or Sendai virus adhere to the cell membrane and alter their properties in such a way that, it facilitates cell fusion.
Can human somatic cells be fused with mouse cells?
Usually human somatic cells like fibrocyte or leucocyte are fused with continuous cell lines of mouse. When somatic cells of human and mouse origin or cells of any two species of mammals or two cells of same species are mixed, spontaneously cell fusion occurs at very low rate.