What is the difference between upstream processing and downstream processing?
The upstream processing is the bioprocessing phase in which cell lines are generated, i.e. biomass is produced at appreciable scale. The downstream processing, on the other hand, is the phase that deals with extraction or separation of desired products from the biomass (developed in upstream processing).
What is upstream and downstream example?
*Examples of Upstream Processes: In the petroleum industry, locating underground or underwater oil reserves characterizes the upstream process. In the oil and gas industry, the downstream process consists of converting crude oil into other products and then selling those products to customers.
What does upstream process mean?
Upstream Processing refers to the first step in which biomolecules are grown, usually by bacterial or mammalian cell lines, in bioreactors. When they reach the desired density (for batch and fed batch cultures) they are harvested and moved to the downstream section of the bioprocess.
What is upstream and downstream process in bioprocess?
The key difference between upstream and downstream bioprocessing is that upstream bioprocessing involves screening and identification of microorganisms, media preparation, multiplication of microbes inside a bioreactor, and incubation, while downstream bioprocessing involves extraction, purification and packaging of …
Which is downstream process?
Downstream processing refers to the recovery and the purification of biosynthetic products, particularly pharmaceuticals, from natural sources such as animal or plant tissue or fermentation broth, including the recycling of salvageable components and the proper treatment and disposal of waste.
What is downstream processing class 12?
Complete answer: Downstream processing refers to the process of purification and separation of products of recombinant DNA technology. Suitable preservatives are added to the product . Proper quality check is maintained. In the case of drugs and medicines proper clinical trials are conducted.
What’s the difference between upstream and downstream?
Upstream refers to the material inputs needed for production, while downstream is the opposite end, where products get produced and distributed.
What is an example of downstream?
Downstream operations are the processes involved in converting oil and gas into the finished product. These include refining crude oil into gasoline, natural gas liquids, diesel, and a variety of other energy sources.
What is downstream production?
Downstream in manufacturing refers to processes that occur later on in a production sequence or production line. The products being manufactured are created in a sequence of processes. Any process occurring after another is considered to be downstream.
What is downstream processing in biology?
Downstream processing is the recovery and purification of biochemical products with proper treatment. It is a series of events which includes cell separation, filtration, product recovery, extraction of product and purification and then treatment of product by chemical, physical and biological means.
What does mean downstream?
Definition of downstream 1 : in the direction of or nearer to the mouth of a stream floating downstream located two miles downstream. 2 : in or toward the latter stages of a usually industrial process or the stages (such as marketing) after manufacture improving profits downstream downstream products.
What is the aim of upstream processing?
The main objective of upstream manufacturing is to create the environment necessary for cells to make the target protein.
What are upstream and downstream activities?
Upstream activities include exploration, acquisition, drilling, developing and producing oil and gas. An upstream activity is one that takes place before oil production, for example exploration or research.
Are refineries midstream or downstream?
As expected, the midstream sector is the second of the three petroleum market stages. The category refers to the transportation of crude or refined petroleum products, usually via pipeline, oil tanker, barge, truck or rail. The final destination is refineries which will then commence the downstream process.
What does upstream and downstream mean in oil?
Upstream is a term for the operations stages in the oil and gas industry that involve exploration and production. Oil and gas companies can generally be divided into three segments: upstream, midstream and downstream. Upstream firms deal primarily with the exploration and initial production stages of the oil and gas industry.
What is the meaning of downstream?
Definition of downstream. 1 : in the direction of or nearer to the mouth of a stream floating downstream located two miles downstream. 2 : in or toward the latter stages of a usually industrial process or the stages (such as marketing) after manufacture improving profits downstream downstream products.