What is the function of cysteine proteases?
Cysteine proteases, also known as thiol proteases, are hydrolase enzymes that degrade proteins. These proteases share a common catalytic mechanism that involves a nucleophilic cysteine thiol in a catalytic triad or dyad.
What are examples of protease inhibitors?
Examples of protease inhibitors include ritonavir, saquinavir, and indinavir. Single-agent therapy with a protease inhibitor can result in the selection of drug-resistant HIV.
What are protease enzyme inhibitors?
What are Protease inhibitors? Protease inhibitors are synthetic drugs that inhibit the action of HIV-1 protease, an enzyme that cleaves two precursor proteins into smaller fragments. These fragments are needed for viral growth, infectivity and replication.
How are serine proteases activated?
It is activated by cleavage through trypsin. As can be seen, trypsinogen activation to trypsin is essential, because it activates its own reaction, as well as the reaction of both chymotrypsin and elastase. Therefore, it is essential that this activation does not occur prematurely.
How many protease inhibitors are there?
There are ten HIV protease inhibitors approved by the FDA; those inhibitors include: saquinavir, indinavir, ritonavir, nelfinavir, amprenavir, fosamprenavir, lopinavir, atazanavir, tipranavir, and darunavir (Figure 2).
Which of the following drugs is a protease inhibitor?
Protease inhibitor drugs darunavir (Prezista) fosamprenavir (Lexiva) indinavir (Crixivan) lopinavir/ritonavir (Kaletra)
Why do we use protease inhibitors?
Protease inhibitors are chemical compounds used to protect protein samples from the digestive function of proteases which is triggered during the isolation procedure. As such, they are used to preserve cell lysates and protein samples from imminent natural degradation.
What is AZT and how does it work?
AZT belongs to a group of drugs called nucleoside analogues. AZT interferes with an enzyme called reverse transcriptase (RT), which is used by HIV-infected cells to make new viruses. Since AZT inhibits, or reduces the activity of this enzyme, this drug causes HIV-infected cells to produce fewer viruses.
What is the role of protease in digestion?
Another important enzyme to the efficient digestion of food eaten is protease. It is responsible for the primary breakdown of proteins and polypeptides from animals and plants and for proline dipeptides from gluten and casein.