What is the importance of the myelin sheath in multiple sclerosis?
It is made up of protein and fatty substances. This myelin sheath allows electrical impulses to transmit quickly and efficiently along the nerve cells. If myelin is damaged, these impulses slow down. This can cause diseases such as multiple sclerosis.
Does myelin sheath cause multiple sclerosis?
Multiple sclerosis In this disorder, your immune system attacks the myelin sheath or the cells that produce and maintain it. This causes inflammation and injury to the sheath and ultimately to the nerve fibers that it surrounds. The process can result in multiple areas of scarring (sclerosis).
What disease destroys the myelin sheath?
Neuromyelitis optica, or Devic’s disease, occurs when the immune system attacks and destroys myelin in the spinal cord and eye. This can result in symptoms and complications such as: optic neuritis. transverse myelitis.
What is the cause of myelin sheath?
The cause of myelin sheath damage and destruction is the body’s immune system that inappropriately attack the sheaths (likely the protein[s] in myelin) and expose the nerves fibers so they cannot function normally.
What is myelin sheath quizlet?
Myelin sheath. The white covering of the axons (dendrites are unmyelinated) Myelin sheath functions. Protect the neuron, Provide insulation, and. Increase the speed of impulse transmission.
What is the importance of the myelin sheath quizlet?
The myelin sheath functions to electrically insulate the axon. This greatly increases the speed of conduction of nerve impulses. The amount of myelination increases from birth through adulthood.
What neurons are affected by multiple sclerosis?
Brain damage associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) specifically targets a common class of brain cells called projection neurons, according to a new international study by scientists at UC San Francisco, Cambridge University, and the University of Heidelberg.
Does multiple sclerosis affect the peripheral nervous system?
Although it is generally regarded as a disease restricted to the CNS, several studies have reported that some patients with MS also have demyelination in the peripheral nervous system (PNS),4,–,8 where axonal fiber demyelination is correlated with a reduced mean myelin sheath thickness and internode length.
What does the myelin sheath consists of?
Myelin sheath consists of lipids and proteins which make up a fatty substance and is white in appearance. This forms the protective sleeve that wraps around the axon of neurons. The sheath is made up of many concentric layers of plasma membrane, wrapped tightly around the axon. There are breaks of between 0.2 and 2 mm.
Which is the function of the myelin sheath quizlet?
The primary function of the myelin sheath is to: insulate the axon and increase the speed at which neurons convey their message.
What is the myelin sheath made from quizlet?
Myelin is made up of schwann cells. A schwann cell has a lipid bilayer plasma membrane. It coils tightly around the axon, displacing the cytoplasm and organelles to the outside. These repeated coiling of membrane are what makes up myelin.