What type of repair is activated when damaged DNA has escaped repair and the distortion disrupts the process of replication?
Recombinational repair is activated when damaged DNA has escaped repair and the distortion disrupts the process of replication. Which gene is responsible recombinational repair? Which human condition is caused by unrepaired UV-induced lesions?
Which of the following events can lead to a frameshift mutation?
A frameshift mutation can occur if the DNA polymerase leaves out a nucleotide or adds an extra nucleotide to the sequence. Certain forms of cancer occur because of mutations in DNA sequences that are located in so-called mutational hotspots.
What must occur for protein translation to begin?
A water molecule must be added to the protein chain. A peptide bond must form between subunits of mRNA.
Which of these is the primary site of protein synthesis?
Protein is assembled inside cells by an organelle called a ribosome. Ribosomes are found in every major cell type and are the site of protein synthesis.
What occurs during translation?
Translation is the process by which a protein is synthesized from the information contained in a molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA). Translation occurs in a structure called the ribosome, which is a factory for the synthesis of proteins.
What are the steps in the process of translation?
A book or movie has three basic parts: a beginning, middle, and end. Translation has pretty much the same three parts, but they have fancier names: initiation, elongation, and termination. Initiation (“beginning”): in this stage, the ribosome gets together with the mRNA and the first tRNA so translation can begin.
What occurs during the process of translation quizlet?
What occurs during the process of translation? During translation the cell uses information from the mRNA to produce proteins. The ribosome releases the newly formed polypeptide and the mRNA molecule.
How many codons are needed for 3 amino acids?
Three codons
How are amino acids assembled during translation?
During translation, ribosomal subunits assemble together like a sandwich on the strand of mRNA, where they proceed to attract tRNA molecules tethered to amino acids (circles). A long chain of amino acids emerges as the ribosome decodes the mRNA sequence into a polypeptide, or a new protein.
How many bases are needed to make 3 amino acids?
9 bases
Why do 3 bases code for an amino acid?
1 Answer. The more bases there are per codon the more information you can code for. There are only 22 different amino acids, in consequence we need minimum 3 bases per codon.
How many bases are needed for 4 amino acids?
Proteins are built from a basic set of 20 amino acids, but there are only four bases. Simple calculations show that a minimum of three bases is required to encode at least 20 amino acids. Genetic experiments showed that an amino acid is in fact encoded by a group of three bases, or codon.
How many codons are needed for 2 amino acids?
13 codon
How many codons are needed for 1 amino acids?
Because there are only 20 different amino acids but 64 possible codons, most amino acids are indicated by more than one codon. (Note, however, that each codon represents only one amino acid or stop codon.)
Why are there 64 codons for 20 amino acids?
Because DNA consists of four different bases, and because there are three bases in a codon, and because 4 * 4 * 4 = 64, there are 64 possible patterns for a codon. Since there are only 20 possible amino acids, this means that there is some redundancy — several different codons can encode for the same amino acid.