Why is it important that DNA replication is done accurately?
In order for a cell to divide, it must first make a copy of its own DNA, which is the genetic code it needs to function properly. It is very important that your DNA is replicated accurately, with new cells receiving an exact copy of your genetic sequence.
How are mutations corrected?
In nucleotide excision repair, enzymes remove incorrect bases with a few surrounding bases, which are replaced with the correct bases with the help of a DNA polymerase and the template DNA. When replication mistakes are not corrected, they may result in mutations, which sometimes can have serious consequences.
Can viruses cause genetic mutations?
Virus-induced gene mutations are probably due to insertions of fragments of viral DNA (or cDNA) into the host chromosomes; at least some of these mutations are capable of transpositions and reversions.
What would happen if the messenger RNA got copied wrong?
If a mistake occurred during a given situation in protein synthesis, for example, if the RNA polymerase doesn’t copy the DNA into a complementary strand into mRNA during transcription, then the mRNA wouldn’t exist and since the DNA is unable to leave the nucleus of the cell, the genetic code wouldn’t reach the …
What’s the difference between RNA and mRNA?
Messenger RNA (mRNA) is one form of ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecule found in cells. mRNA, in short, is a category of RNA. RNA is simply a polymerized chain of nucleotides that have a regular ribose sugar in each amino acid. Like mRNA, these RNA molecules are also defined by their function.
What happens if there is a mistake in protein synthesis?
Errors in protein synthesis disrupt cellular fitness, cause disease phenotypes, and shape gene and genome evolution.
What is the 2nd step of protein synthesis?
Translation