What is a chain surveying?
Abstract. Chain surveying is the branch of surveying in which only linear measurements are made in the field. This is suitable for the survey of small areas with simple details and an area that is fairly flat. It derives its name from the fact that the principle equipment commonly used is the chain.
What is chain surveying and its types?
Depending upon the length of the chain, these are divide into following types, Metric chains. Steel band or Band chain. Gunter’s chain or surveyor’s chain. Engineer’s chain.
How many types of chains are there in surveying?
Available lengths are 5, 10,20 and 30m. Most commonly used chain is 20m. For quick reading, tallies are provided at an interval. Tallies are provided every 1m for 5 and 10m metric chains, and every 5m for 20 and 30m metric chains.
What is chain surveying plot?
Plotting means to represent on paper, to a suitable scale, the previously surveyed objects in accordance with their shape and size. Plotting is commenced after the field-work is over. The plotting of a chain survey is done in the following steps: (i) A suitable scale is chosen before starting the plotting work.
Why chain survey is done?
Chains and scales are commonly used to directly measure the linear distance between two points above the earth’s surface. We will study the types of these chains and measurements and how the distances are measured by the primary purpose of the survey is to create maps. The maps are drawn in a horizontal plane.
What are the basic principles of chain surveying?
The principle of chain surveying is triangulation. This means that the area to survey is spilled into a number of small triangles which should be well-conditioned. In chain surveying, the side of the triangles are measured directly from the field by chain or tape, and no angular measurements are used.
What is the use of chain surveying?
Chain surveying is the method of surveying in that horizontal measurement and angle area taken in fieldwork. These types are of surveys main suitable for surveying small areas of land. It describes the boundaries of the plot, area of land, and other distances and angles on the field.
Why is 22 yards called a chain?
The ‘Chain’ comes from the ‘Surveyors’ Chain’, invented by Edmund Gunter, a mathematician who lived from 1581-1626, hence it is also known as ‘Gunter’s Chain’. As we all know, a chain is 22 yards, or the length of a cricket pitch.
Why is a furlong 660 feet?
The word “furlong” comes from Old English words furh (“furrow”) and lang (“long”). Originally it was the length of the furrow in one acre of a ploughed field. For this reason, the furlong was once also called an acre’s length. Around the year 1300, England standardized the furlong as 40 rods or 660 feet.
What is the principle of chain survey?
The principle of chain surveying is to divide the area to be surveyed into a network of connected triangles as a triangle is the only simple figure that can be plotted from the lengths of its sides measured in the field.
What is RL in surveying?
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Relative level in surveying refers to equating elevations of survey points with reference to a common assumed datum. It is a vertical distance between survey point and adopted datum plane.
What is the principle of chain surveying?
The principle of chain surveying is to divide the entire area into several triangles of suitable sides.
How long is a chain in surveying?
THE CHAIN– There are two kinds of chain in common use, the Surveyor’s (or Gunter’s) Chain, and the Engineer’s Chain. Gunter’s chain is 66 feet long, and its use is confined chiefly to land surveying on account of its simple relation to the acre and to the mile.
What is the procedure of chain surveying?
The procedure of chain surveying involves the following series of steps: The initial step of chain surveying is reconnaissance. It involves the preliminary inspection of the area to be surveyed. After a reconnaissance of the area is completed, the stations are fixed. The main lines are selected then ranging rods are placed at the stations and chaining is initiated. Measurement of chainage is done and offsets are taken.
What are the obstacles to chain surveying?
Types of obstacles in chain surveying In some cases it will be watched that numerous checks like waterways, channels, lakes. thick wildernesses, trench, structures , and so on lie on the chain line. These obstructions can be kept away from in tying operation by applying some principal geometric principles.